Auditory scene analysis by echolocation in bats
Auditory scene analysis by echolocation in bats
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1398051
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Surlykke, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moss, CF;Surlykke, A
回声定位蝙蝠发射超声波发声，并使用反射声音中包含的信息来分析听觉场景。听觉场景分析是一种广泛应用于所有听觉脊椎动物的现象，涉及声音的分组和分离，以感知组织有关听觉对象的信息。声音的感知组织受到声学信号的频谱和时间特性的影响。在回声定位蝙蝠的情况下，其主动控制的时间，持续时间，强度和带宽的声纳传输直接影响其感知的听觉对象，包括现场。在这里，数据来自感知实验，实验室昆虫捕捉研究，和现场记录的声纳行为的不同蝙蝠物种，说明原则的重要性，蝙蝠回声定位听觉场景分析。在感知实验中，FM蝙蝠（Eptesicus fuscus）学会了区分回声回放集中的系统和随机延迟序列。这些实验的结果表明，FM蝙蝠可以组装的回声延迟随时间的变化，一个动态的听觉场景的分析的要求的信息。实验室昆虫捕捉实验研究了飞行E。fuscus采取栓昆虫在一个大房间。在每一次试验中，蝙蝠都能以相对稳定的重复率（5%以内）持续产生回声定位信号组。在E. fuscus，从而表明的重要性，时间控制的声音生产的感知引导的行为。据推测，一个稳定的声纳信号产生率有利于感知组织的回声到达从不同的方向和距离的对象，蝙蝠飞行通过一个动态的听觉场景。田间记录E. fuscus、白腹夜蛾Noctilio albiventris、白腹夜蛾N. leporinus，Pippistrellus pippistrellus和Cormura brevirostris揭示了声纳信号中的频谱调整对于在复杂的听觉场景中跟踪回声也可能是重要的。(C)2001年，美国声学学会。
Echolocating bats transmit ultrasonic vocalizations and use information contained in the reflected sounds to analyze the auditory scene. Auditory scene analysis, a phenomenon that applies broadly to all hearing vertebrates, involves the grouping and segregation of sounds to perceptually organize information about auditory objects. The perceptual organization of sound is influenced by the spectral and temporal characteristics of acoustic signals. In the case of the echolocating bat, its active control over the timing, duration, intensity, and bandwidth of sonar transmissions directly impacts its perception of the auditory objects that comprise the scene. Here, data are presented from perceptual experiments, laboratory insect capture studies, and field recordings of sonar behavior of different bat species, to illustrate principles of importance to auditory scene analysis by echolocation in bats. In the perceptual experiments, FM bats (Eptesicus fuscus) learned to discriminate between systematic and random delay sequences in echo playback sets. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the FM bat can assemble information about echo delay changes over time, a requirement for the analysis of a dynamic auditory scene. Laboratory insect capture experiments examined the vocal production patterns of flying E. fuscus taking tethered insects in a large room. In each trial, the bats consistently produced echolocation signal groups with a relatively stable repetition rate (within 5%). Similar temporal patterning of sonar vocalizations was also observed in the field recordings from E. fuscus, thus suggesting the importance of temporal control of vocal production for perceptually guided behavior. It is hypothesized that a stable sonar signal production rate facilitates the perceptual organization of echoes arriving from objects at different directions and distances as the bat flies through a dynamic auditory scene. Field recordings of E. fuscus, Noctilio albiventris, N. leporinus, Pippistrellus pippistrellus, and Cormura brevirostris revealed that spectral adjustments in sonar signals may also be important to permit tracking of echoes in a complex auditory scene. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America.