Comparison of three tissue composition measurement techniques using digital mammograms--a signal-to-noise study.
Comparison of three tissue composition measurement techniques using digital mammograms--a signal-to-noise study.
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使用数字乳房X光检查的三种组织成分测量技术的比较——一项信噪比研究。
DOI：
10.1007/bf03168737
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Shaw,CC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breitenstein,DS;Shaw,CC
组织成分测量可以提供一种定量和物理上有意义的方法，以客观地确定与乳腺癌风险相关的“乳房X线摄影密度”。描述了一种单能量混合（SEH）技术，用于利用单个数字乳房X线照片在逐像素的基础上测量组织成分。理论模型的推导和使用的SEH方法来计算信号噪声比（SNR）的组织成分测量。结果进行了比较与那些计算的测量使用双kVp和双屏幕的方法。信噪比理论上与像素面积、总未衰减探测器曝光量和入射X射线的注量谱有关。计算SNR以测量6 cm厚乳房的脂肪组织厚度，该乳房由50%的脂肪组织和50%的腺体组织组成。通过计算不同kVps和滤波器的SNR，研究了kVp和患者前滤波的影响，并确定了最佳kVps和滤波器。结果表明，SEH方法得到的信噪比比双kVp方法好一个数量级，而双kVp方法又比双屏方法好一个数量级。当使用最佳kVp且无患者前滤过时，SEH、双kVp和双筛选方法的SNR分别计算为84.2、13.2和2.0。对于双kVp和双屏幕技术，患者前过滤可以将SNR提高多达35%，并具有合理的管负载因子（8-10）。
Tissue composition measurement may provide a quantitatively and physically meaningful method to objectively determine the “mammographic density” linked to breast cancer risk. A single energy hybrid (SEH) technique is described for measuring the tissue composition on a pixel-by-pixel basis with a single digital mammogram. Theoretical models were derived and used to compute signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in tissue composition measurement using the SEH method. The results were compared with those computed for measurements using the dual kVp and dual screen methods. SNRs were theoretically related to the pixel area, total unattenuated detector exposure and fluence spectra of the incident X-rays. SNRs were computed for measurement of the adipose tissue thickness for a 6 cm thick breast, consisting of 50% of adipose tissue and 50% of glandular tissue. Effects of kVp and prepatient filtration were studied by computing the SNRs for various kVps and filters and optimal kVps and filters are determined. The results showed that the SNRs obtained with the SEH method is an order of magnitude better than the dual kVp method, which, in turn, is an order of magnitude better than the dual screen method. When using the optimal kVp’s and no prepatient filtration, the SNRs were computed to be 84.2, 13.2, and 2.0 for the SEH, dual kVp, and dual screen methods, respectively. Prepatient filtration can improve the SNR by as much as 35% for the dual kVp and dual screen techniques with reasonable tube loading factors (8–10).