The Early Food Insecurity Impacts of COVID-19
The Early Food Insecurity Impacts of COVID-19
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DOI：
10.3390/nu12072096
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Neff, Roni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Niles, Meredith T.;Bertmann, Farryl;Neff, Roni
COVID-19扰乱了粮食获取并影响了粮食不安全，这与许多不利的个人和公共卫生后果有关。为了评估这些挑战并了解其对粮食安全的影响，我们于2020年3月29日至4月12日在佛蒙特州进行了一次全州范围的人口水平调查，当时全州范围内的居家订单开始。我们利用美国农业部六项验证的粮食安全模块来衡量COVID-19之前和COVID-19以来的粮食不安全状况。我们评估了粮食不安全的普遍性，并报告了粮食安全、持续粮食不安全（COVID-19前后）和新粮食不安全（COVID-19后）受访者的粮食获取挑战、应对策略和感知的有益干预措施。在3219名受访者中，自COVID-19以来，家庭粮食不安全增加了近三分之一（32.3%）（p< 0.001），35.5%的粮食不安全家庭被归类为新粮食不安全。经历失业的受访者经历粮食不安全的几率更高（OR 3.06; 95% CI，2.114-0.46）。我们报告了多种物理和经济障碍，以及COVID-19期间与食品获取相关的担忧。经历家庭粮食不安全的受访者面临获取挑战和利用应对策略的几率更高，包括三分之二的家庭自COVID-19以来吃得更少（p< 0.001）。记录了新的粮食不安全家庭与一贯不安全家庭的答卷人在应对战略方面的重大差异。这些发现对个人健康（包括心理健康和营养不良）以及未来的医疗保健费用具有重要的潜在影响。我们建议采取积极主动的战略，解决这场危机期间的粮食不安全问题。
COVID-19 has disrupted food access and impacted food insecurity, which is associated with numerous adverse individual and public health outcomes. To assess these challenges and understand their impact on food security, we conducted a statewide population-level survey using a convenience sample in Vermont from 29 March to 12 April 2020, during the beginning of a statewide stay-at-home order. We utilized the United States Department of Agriculture six-item validated food security module to measure food insecurity before COVID-19 and since COVID-19. We assessed food insecurity prevalence and reported food access challenges, coping strategies, and perceived helpful interventions among food secure, consistently food insecure (pre-and post-COVID-19), and newly food insecure (post COVID-19) respondents. Among 3219 respondents, there was nearly a one-third increase (32.3%) in household food insecurity since COVID-19 (p< 0.001), with 35.5% of food insecure households classified as newly food insecure. Respondents experiencing a job loss were at higher odds of experiencing food insecurity (OR 3.06; 95% CI, 2.114-0.46). We report multiple physical and economic barriers, as well as concerns related to food access during COVID-19. Respondents experiencing household food insecurity had higher odds of facing access challenges and utilizing coping strategies, including two-thirds of households eating less since COVID-19 (p< 0.001). Significant differences in coping strategies were documented between respondents in newly food insecure vs. consistently insecure households. These findings have important potential impacts on individual health, including mental health and malnutrition, as well as on future healthcare costs. We suggest proactive strategies to address food insecurity during this crisis.