Origin, maturation and recruitment of mast cell precursors.
Origin, maturation and recruitment of mast cell precursors.
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DOI：
10.2741/231
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Jamur;C. Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Jamur;C. Oliver
肥大细胞作为免疫调节剂在多种生理和病理过程中发挥作用已得到越来越多的认可。它们在1879年首次被描述，但它们的起源在几乎一个世纪内一直存在争议。今天，已知肥大细胞作为定向肥大细胞前体存在于骨髓中。它们作为祖细胞离开骨髓，并在外周部位完成成熟。骨髓来源的肥大细胞的成熟的研究集中在骨髓中培养的白细胞介素-3（IL-3）和干细胞因子（SCF）的存在下。SCF对于肥大细胞存活是必需的，缺乏SCF或SCF受体的小鼠是肥大细胞缺陷型。正是肥大细胞周围的微环境决定了其成熟表型。SCF、IL-3和IL-9已被鉴定为调节肥大细胞生长和分化的最重要的细胞因子。一些因素已被确定为肥大细胞的化学引诱剂，但其确切的作用机制仍不清楚。肥大细胞募集最有可能是肥大细胞介质对肥大细胞祖细胞的直接作用以及这些介质对其他细胞类型的间接作用的组合。
Mast cells have gained increased recognition as immunomodulators playing a role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. They were first described in 1879, but their origin remained controversial for almost a century. Today, it is known that mast cells are present in the bone marrow as committed mast cell precursors. They leave the bone marrow as progenitors and complete their maturation at peripheral sites. Investigations on the maturation of bone marrow derived mast cells focused on bone marrow cultured in the presence of interleukin-3 (IL-3) and stem cell factor (SCF). SCF is essential for mast cell survival and mice that lack either SCF or the receptor for SCF are mast cell deficient. It is the microenvironment surrounding the mast cell that determines its mature phenotype. SCF, IL-3 and IL-9 have been identified among the most important cytokines for regulation of mast cell growth and differentiation. Several factors have been identified as chemoattractants for mast cells, but their exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Mast cell recruitment is most likely a combination of the direct effect of mast cell mediators on the mast cell progenitor as well as the indirect effect of these mediators on other cell types.