Interferon Lambda Genetics and Biology in Regulation of Viral Control.
Interferon Lambda Genetics and Biology in Regulation of Viral Control.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01707
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Savan R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hemann EA;Gale M Jr;Savan R
III型干扰素，也被称为干扰素α（IFNλs），是2003年发现的IFN家族的最新成员。最初，IFNλ被证明可以诱导干扰素刺激基因的表达，并以与I型IFN相似的方式发挥抗病毒特性。然而，虽然IFNλ已被描述为与I型IFN具有很大程度上重叠的表达和功能，但越来越清楚的是，III型IFN也具有与I型IFN不同的功能。与I型IFN（其受体普遍表达）相反，III型IFN主要在屏障上皮表面（如呼吸道和胃肠道以及血脑屏障）发出信号并发挥功能。为了进一步支持III型IFN的独特功能，人类IFNL基因的单核苷酸多态性与病毒感染的结果密切相关。这些生物学联系也得到了小鼠研究的更直接支持，这些研究强调了IFNλ在促进抗病毒免疫应答中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前的理解III型干扰素，以及它们的功能是如何相似的，和不同的，I型干扰素在各种免疫细胞亚型和病毒感染。
Type III interferons, also known as interferon lambdas (IFNλs), are the most recent addition to the IFN family following their discovery in 2003. Initially, IFNλ was demonstrated to induce expression of interferon-stimulated genes and exert antiviral properties in a similar manner to type I IFNs. However, while IFNλ has been described to have largely overlapping expression and function with type I IFNs, it has become increasingly clear that type III IFNs also have distinct functions from type I IFNs. In contrast to type I IFNs, whose receptor is ubiquitously expressed, type III IFNs signal and function largely at barrier epithelial surfaces, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, as well as the blood–brain barrier. In further support of unique functions for type III IFNs, single nucleotide polymorphisms in IFNL genes in humans are strongly associated with outcomes to viral infection. These biological linkages have also been more directly supported by studies in mice highlighting roles of IFNλ in promoting antiviral immune responses. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of type III IFNs, and how their functions are similar to, and different from, type I IFN in various immune cell subtypes and viral infections.