Effects of Terpene Chemotypes of Melaleuca alternifolia on Two Specialist Leaf Beetles and Susceptibility to Myrtle Rust
Effects of Terpene Chemotypes of Melaleuca alternifolia on Two Specialist Leaf Beetles and Susceptibility to Myrtle Rust
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-015-0628-0
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Foley, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bustos-Segura, Carlos;Kulheim, Carsten;Foley, William
植物化学多态性或植物化学型以同一植物组织中植物次生代谢物的种内离散差异为特征。在桃金娘科中，叶面萜类成分的化学型不同。本研究以药用茶树千层树（Melalecua alternifolia）的萜烯化学型为研究对象，探讨这种变异是否会影响两种特殊食草动物Paropsisterna tigrina和Faex sp.（鞘翅目：金花科），并由此解释这种变异的维持。我们测试了昆虫性能、产卵偏好和植物伤害是否与不同的化学型相关。结果表明，1,8-桉叶油脑浓度高的化学型Faex的幼虫生长速率较高，且幼虫的产卵偏好与饵料的化学型有关。虽然不同化学型的刺槐的性能性状和产卵偏好不存在差异，但高浓度松油烯处理下成虫对植株的伤害较小。此外，我们测试了不同的化学型是否对桃金娘锈病（Puccinia psidii）表现出不同程度的敏感性。我们发现，在控制条件下，具有高浓度1,8-桉树脑的植物更容易被感染。虽然有证据表明萜烯化学型是与天敌相互作用的中介，但这种植物最有害的害虫，P. tigrina，似乎不受植物萜烯变化的影响。
Plant chemical polymorphisms, or plant chemotypes, are characterized by intraspecific discrete differences of plant secondary metabolites in the same plant tissue. Chemotypes that differ in foliar terpene composition are found commonly in Myrtaceae. In this study, we focused on terpene chemotypes of medicinal tea tree, Melalecua alternifolia, to explore whether this variation affects two specialist herbivores Paropsisterna tigrina and Faex sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and if this could explain the maintenance of this variation. We tested whether insect performance, oviposition preference, and plant damage were associated with different chemotypes. We found that larval growth rate of Faex sp. was higher in chemotypes with high concentrations of 1,8-cineole, and that oviposition preference depended on the chemotype of the larval diet. Although performance traits and preference for oviposition of P. tigrina did not vary among chemotypes, adults inflicted less damage on plants with a high concentration of terpinolene. Additionally, we tested whether different chemotypes showed different levels of susceptibility by myrtle rust (Puccinia psidii). We found that plants with a high concentration of 1,8-cineole were more likely to be infected under controlled conditions. Although there is evidence that terpene chemotypes are a mediator of the interaction with natural enemies, the most detrimental pest of this plant, P. tigrina, does not seem to be affected by variation in plant terpenes.