Residential or activity space walkability: What drives transportation physical activity?
Residential or activity space walkability: What drives transportation physical activity?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jth.2017.08.011
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Booth, Gillian L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howell, Nicholas A.;Farber, Steven;Booth, Gillian L.
背景：个人居住社区的步行适宜性与其参与体育活动呈正相关。然而，据报道，步行能力和体力活动之间的关联差异很大。一种解释是，许多研究只评估个人的家庭环境，而没有考虑他们与其他区域的接触情况，这可能会给观察到的关系带来偏差。目的：评估当使用住宅与活动空间环境定义步行性时，步行性与交通体力活动 (TPA) 之间的关联如何变化。方法：作为 StudentMoveTO 调查的一部分，对加拿大多伦多上学的大学生进行抽样。参与者报告了一日旅行日记，其中记录了过去 24 小时内的所有旅行。交通身体活动被定义为报告任何步行或骑自行车旅行。使用先前验证的与体力活动、肥胖和糖尿病相关的指数来评估步行能力（五分位数，Q5 最高，Q1 最低）。使用了个人步行暴露度的三个定义：（i）住宅（个人住宅周围的社区），（ii）完整活动空间（访问过的所有地点的平均值），（iii）受限活动空间（访问过的所有家庭、工作、学校地点的平均值）。 Logistic 回归用于评估步行能力和体力活动之间的调整后关联。结果：分析中总共纳入了 12,152 名个体（中位 (IQR) 年龄 = 21.0 (19-25)，其中 66.9% 为女性）。步行适宜性与 TPA 之间的关联对于所有定义均显着，但程度不同，与完全关联（Q5 与 Q1。OR = 6.54，（4.92，8.84））和限制关联（Q5 与 Q1 OR = 4.84， (3.76, 6.29)) 活动空间定义。结论：与更严格的定义相比，完整的活动空间步行性与 TPA 的关联性最强。暴露错误分类可能会导致建筑环境和健康关系的变化。
Background: The walkability of an individual's neighbourhood of residence is positively associated with their participation in physical activity. Reported associations between walkability and physical activity, however, are highly variable. One explanation is that many studies only assess individuals' home environments and do not account for their exposure to other areas, potentially introducing bias into observed relationships.Aim: To assess how associations between walkability and transportation physical activity (TPA) vary when walkability is defined using residential versus activity space environments.Methods: University students attending schools in Toronto, Canada were sampled as part of the StudentMoveTO survey. Participants reported a one-day travel diary accounting for all trips taken over the previous 24 h. Transportation physical activity was defined as reporting any walking or cycling trips. Walkability (quintiles, Q5 highest, Q1 lowest) was assessed using a previously validated index shown to be associated with physical activity, obesity, and diabetes. Three definitions of individuals' walkability exposure were used: (i) residential (neighbourhood around individuals' homes), (ii) full activity space (average of all locations visited), (iii) restricted activity space (average of all home, work, school locations visited). Logistic regression was used to assess the adjusted association between walkability and physical activity.Results: A total of 12,152 individuals were included in the analyses (median (IQR) age = 21.0 (19-25), 66.9% female). Associations between walkability and TPA were significant for all definitions, but varied in magnitude, with residential walkability exhibiting the weakest association (Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 2.07 (95% CI: 1.70, 2.52)), compared with full (Q5 vs. Q1. OR = 6.54, (4.92, 8.84)) and restricted (Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 4.84, (3.76, 6.29)) activity space definitions.Conclusion: Full activity space walkability showed the strongest association with TPA, compared with more restricted definitions. Exposure misclassification may contribute to the variability in built environment & health relationships.