Local neighbourhood and mental health: Evidence from the UK
Local neighbourhood and mental health: Evidence from the UK
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.013
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Sarker, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Propper, C;Jones, K;Sarker, R
本文研究了社区和水平之间的关联以及常见精神障碍的变化。它使用来自大规模全国代表性个人和家庭调查（英国家庭小组调查）的数据，确定了当地社区中的个人。这些被定义为以调查中的每个人为中心的最近的 500-800 人。这些“定制”社区根据 1991 年社区居民人口普查特征的因子分析得出的五个维度（劣势、流动性、年龄、种族和城市性）进行表征。这些维度测量了被认为与精神疾病相关的地方特征。本文估计了常见精神障碍的水平和 5 年变化的多层次模型（通过《一般健康》的 12 项版本来衡量） 问卷）。估计了三级和二级模型，所有这些模型都考虑到可能成为任何邻里效应的混杂因素的个人和家庭特征。结果表明，邻里关系与心理健康水平和变化之间的关联程度是有限的。个体之间的差异不到百分之一是在社区层面。邻里特征通常与精神疾病的水平或变化在统计上并不相关。有一些证据表明邻里特征与性别和种族之间存在相互作用，但尽管在统计上显着，但与个人和家庭特征的主要影响相比，这些相互作用的规模很小。对于常见精神障碍的水平来说，重要的是观察到的个人及其家庭的特征，而不是地点的特征。 (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
This paper examines the association between neighbourhood and levels and changes in common mental disorders. Using data from a large scale nationally representative survey of individuals and households (the British Household Panel Survey), it locates individuals in their local neighbourhoods. These are defined as the nearest 500-800 persons centered around each individual in the survey. These 'bespoke' neighbourhoods are characterised according to five dimensions-disadvantage, mobility, age, ethnicity and urbanness-derived from factor analysis of the census characteristics of the residents of neighbourhoods in 1991. These dimensions measure characteristics of place that have been argued to be associated with mental ill health.The paper estimates multilevel models of the level and 5-year changes of common mental disorders (measured by the twelve item version of the General Health Questionnaire). Three and two level models are estimated, all of which allow for individual and household characteristics that may act as confounders of any neighbourhood effect. The results show the extent of association between neighbourhood and both levels and changes in mental health is limited. Less than one percent of the variance across individuals is at the neighbourhood level. The neighbourhood characteristics are not generally statistically associated with levels or changes in mental ill health. There is some evidence of interaction between neighbourhood characteristics and gender and ethnicity, but while statistically significant these interactions are small in size compared to the main effects of individual and household characteristics. What appears to be important for levels of common mental disorders are the observed characteristics of individuals and their households, not of place. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.