Behavioral evidence for pattern separation in human episodic memory
Behavioral evidence for pattern separation in human episodic memory
复制标题
人类情景记忆模式分离的行为证据
DOI：
10.1101/lm.051821.120
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
N. Burgess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ewa Zotow;J. Bisby;N. Burgess
情景记忆的一个基本特征是能够从与其他潜在相似事件相关的众多元素中回忆出与一个事件相关的多个元素。海马模式分离被认为在这个过程中发挥了重要作用，通过正交化重叠事件的表示在编码过程中，以减少它们之间的干扰，在模式完成的过程中，其中一个或另一个被召回。我们引入了一个新的范式来检验这一假设，即相似的记忆，但不是不相关的记忆，积极分离编码。参与者记忆的事件要么是独特的，要么与另一个事件（成对的“重叠”事件）共享一个共同的元素。我们使用的依赖性的措施，最初设计来衡量模式完成，量化成功检索关联从一个事件的概率取决于成功检索关联从同一事件，一个不相关的事件或重叠事件。在两个实验中，我们看到事件内检索是高度依赖的，表明模式完成;不相关事件的检索是独立的;重叠事件的检索是反依赖的（即，小于独立），指示模式分离。这表明相似（重叠）记忆的表征被主动分离，导致它们之间检索性能的依赖性降低，正如模式分离账户所预测的那样。
An essential feature of episodic memory is the ability to recall the multiple elements relating to one event from the multitude of elements relating to other, potentially similar events. Hippocampal pattern separation is thought to play a fundamental role in this process, by orthogonalizing the representations of overlapping events during encoding, to reduce interference between them during the process of pattern completion by which one or other is recalled. We introduce a new paradigm to test the hypothesis that similar memories, but not unrelated memories, are actively separated at encoding. Participants memorized events which were either unique or shared a common element with another event (paired “overlapping” events). We used a measure of dependency, originally devised to measure pattern completion, to quantify how much the probability of successfully retrieving associations from one event depends on successful retrieval of associations from the same event, an unrelated event or the overlapping event. In two experiments, we saw that within event retrievals were highly dependent, indicating pattern completion; retrievals from unrelated events were independent; and retrievals from overlapping events were antidependent (i.e., less than independent), indicating pattern separation. This suggests that representations of similar (overlapping) memories are actively separated, resulting in lowered dependency of retrieval performance between them, as would be predicted by the pattern separation account.