Managing water levels on wet grasslands to improve foraging conditions for breeding northern lapwing Vanellus vanellus
Managing water levels on wet grasslands to improve foraging conditions for breeding northern lapwing Vanellus vanellus
复制标题
管理潮湿草原的水位，改善北方田凫繁殖的觅食条件
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Gill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sarah M. Eglington;M. Bolton;Mark A. Smart;W. Sutherland;A. Watkinson;J. Gill
摘要1.湿地和放牧沼泽的广泛排水是欧洲繁殖涉禽数量和范围严重减少的主要驱动因素之一。涉禽需要潮湿的、无脊椎动物丰富的觅食栖息地，而大多数农田现在太干燥，无法支持可持续的繁殖种群。最近的努力，以重新创造潮湿的草地和提高涉禽繁殖成功的重点是恢复潮湿的功能，以提供觅食栖息地的小鸡。因此，湿地设施的成功与否，将取决于它们是否在雏鸟的整个发育前期为雏鸟提供足够的无脊椎动物猎物。2.利用可耕地和牧场重建低地湿草地的技术日益成熟，在草地上安装湿草地装置现在可以得到农业环境倡议的支持。在这里，我们探讨了无脊椎动物的丰度和生长速度和身体状况的北方lapwing Vanellus vanellus小鸡，在英格兰东部的放牧沼泽地的湿功能规定的效果。3.潮湿的功能支持超过一倍的生物量的表面活性的无脊椎动物和更丰富的空中无脊椎动物比植被放牧沼泽。小鸡觅食率也高出两到三倍，在潮湿的功能比在放牧沼泽，因为是估计的生物量摄入量，每种食物。4.在繁殖季节开始时，小鸡的条件是无关的湿功能规定，但在本赛季后期，当水位低，小鸡的身体状况显着较高的领域与footdrain密度超过150米公顷）1。小鸡的状况随着降雨量的增加而下降，2007年生长率低和预羽化期较长可能是由于夏季降雨量异常密集和延长所致。5.合成与应用。在草地上安装湿特征为小鸡提供了宝贵的觅食地点，特别是在季节后期，这些特征可能是可用水的主要来源。预测的变化，在温带地区的降水季节性意味着提供潮湿的功能可能是越来越重要的，以维持繁殖涉禽种群。
Summary 1. The widespread drainage of wetlands and grazing marshes has been one of the main drivers of severe reductions in the number and range of breeding waders across Europe. Wader chicks require wet, invertebrate-rich foraging habitats and most agricultural land is now too dry to support sustainable breeding populations. Recent efforts to re-create wet grasslands and improve wader breeding success have focussed on reinstating wet features, in order to provide foraging habitats for chicks. The success of wet feature installation will therefore depend on whether they provide sufficient invertebrate prey for chicks throughout the pre-fledging period. 2. Techniques for re-creating lowland wet grasslands from arable and pastoral farmland are becoming increasingly well-established, and support from agri-environment initiatives is now available for wet feature installation on grasslands. Here we explore the effect of wet feature provision on invertebrate abundance and the growth rates and body condition of northern lapwing Vanellus vanellus chicks, on grazing marshes in eastern England. 3. Wet features supported more than double the biomass of surface-active invertebrates and a greater abundance of aerial invertebrates than the vegetated grazing marsh. Chick foraging rates were also two to three times higher in wet features than in the grazing marsh, as was the estimated biomass intake per food item. 4. At the start of the breeding season, chick condition was unrelated to wet feature provision but late in the season, when water levels were low, chick body condition was significantly higher in fields with footdrain densities of more than 150 m ha )1 . Chick condition declined with increasing rainfall, and low growth rates and longer pre-fledging periods in 2007 are likely to have resulted from unusually intense and prolonged summer rainfall. 5. Synthesis and applications. The installation of wet features on grasslands provides valuable foraging locations for chicks, particularly later in the season when these features are likely to be the main source of water available. Predicted changes to the seasonality of precipitation at temperate latitudes means that provision of wet features is likely to be increasingly important for maintaining breeding wader populations.