Antimicrobial Properties of a Chitosan Dextran-Based Hydrogel for Surgical Use
Antimicrobial Properties of a Chitosan Dextran-Based Hydrogel for Surgical Use
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DOI：
10.1128/aac.05463-11
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Hanton, Lyall R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aziz, Manal A.;Cabral, Jaydee D.;Hanton, Lyall R.
一种用于内窥镜鼻窦手术的壳聚糖葡聚糖(CD)水凝胶，在体外对一系列病原微生物进行了抗菌活性测试。采用微量稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度、最低杀菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度。此外，还测定了CD水凝胶对两种细菌的时间杀灭效果。用扫描和透射电子显微镜对该化合物的抑菌机理进行了研究。CD水凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌、大肠埃希菌和产气荚膜梭菌均有效，其手术浓度为50,000 mg/L。最低杀菌浓度为2,000至50,000毫克/升。葡聚糖醛(DA)是CD水凝胶的抗菌成分，其MBC在2,000-32,000 mg/L之间。金黄色葡萄球菌的致死速度似乎略快于大肠杆菌。白色念珠菌和铜绿假单胞菌对CD水凝胶和DA的耐药率较高。单独用CD水凝胶和DA孵育的大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的扫描和透射电子显微镜显示，细胞形态受损，细胞壁破坏，胞浆内容物丢失，与所提出的与细胞壁蛋白结合和多肽键破坏的作用模式相一致。运动试验和趋化试验表明，与DA孵育时对大肠杆菌有抑制作用。CD水凝胶的抗菌活性可能使其在其他身体部位成为有用的辅助手段，特别是在有革兰氏阳性感染风险的地方。
A chitosan dextran-based (CD) hydrogel, developed for use in endoscopic sinus surgery, was tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro against a range of pathogenic microorganisms. The microdilution technique was used to determine minimum inhibitory, minimum bactericidal, and minimum fungicidal concentrations. In addition, the time-kill efficacy of CD hydrogel was determined for two bacterial species. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to elucidate the antimicrobial mechanism of this compound. CD hydrogel was found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens at its surgical concentration of 50,000 mg/liter. Minimum bactericidal concentrations ranged from 2,000 to 50,000 mg/liter. Dextran aldehyde (DA) was found to be the antimicrobial component of the CD hydrogel with MBC ranging from 2,000 to 32,000 mg/liter. S. aureus appeared to be killed at a slightly faster rate than E. coli. Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more resistant to CD hydrogel and DA. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of E. coli and S. aureus incubated with CD hydrogel and DA alone revealed morphological damage, disrupted cell walls, and loss of cytosolic contents, compatible with the proposed mode of action involving binding to cell wall proteins and disruption of peptide bonds. Motility and chemotaxis tests showed E. coli to be inhibited when incubated with DA. The antibacterial activity of CD hydrogel may make it a useful postsurgical aid at other body sites, especially where there is a risk of Gram-positive infections.