Dark energy, inflation, and extra dimensions
Dark energy, inflation, and extra dimensions
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暗能量、膨胀和额外维度
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Wesley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Steinhardt;D. Wesley
我们考虑了加速膨胀，无论是由于膨胀还是暗能量，如何对从更高维度压缩得到的基本理论施加了强烈的约束。对于符合零能量条件(NEC)的理论，我们发现膨胀宇宙学不可能在很大范围内紧凑；只有当牛顿引力常数和暗能量状态方程都随时间变化时，才有可能出现与观测一致的暗能量相。如果该理论违反了NEC，那么只有当违反NEC的元素在紧凑维度上分布不均匀，并且与非紧凑维度中的物质和能量密度精确同步地随时间变化时，才有可能发生暴胀和暗能量。虽然我们的证明是假设广义相对论在四维和更高的维度以及某些形式的度量中都适用的，但我们认为类似的约束必须适用于更一般的紧凑。
We consider how accelerated expansion, whether due to inflation or dark energy, imposes strong constraints on fundamental theories obtained by compactification from higher dimensions. For theories that obey the null energy condition (NEC), we find that inflationary cosmology is impossible for a wide range of compactifications; and a dark energy phase consistent with observations is only possible if both Newton's gravitational constant and the dark energy equation of state vary with time. If the theory violates the NEC, inflation and dark energy are only possible if the NEC-violating elements are inhomogeneously distributed in the compact dimensions and vary with time in precise synchrony with the matter and energy density in the noncompact dimensions. Although our proofs are derived assuming general relativity applies in both four and higher dimensions and certain forms of metrics, we argue that similar constraints must apply for more general compactifications.