Stringent upper limit of CH4 on Mars based on SOFIA/EXES observations

Stringent upper limit of CH4 on Mars based on SOFIA/EXES observations
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基于 SOFIA/EXES 观测的火星上 CH4 严格上限

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201730903
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Astron. Astrophys.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
and Y. Kasaba
and Y. Kasaba
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aoki;S.;M.J. Richter;C. DeWitte;A. Boogert;T. Encrenaz;H. Sagawa;H. Nakagawa;A.C. Vandaele;M. Giuranna;T.K. Greathouse;T. Fouchet;A. Geminale;G. Sindoni;M. McKelvey;M. Case;and Y. Kasaba

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火星大气中甲烷的发现引起了许多讨论,因为它可能是火星上生物和/或地质活动的标志。然而,CH 4的存在及其时空变化仍在讨论中,因为在以前的观测嵌入了很大的不确定性。2016年3月16日,我们使用平流层红外天文台(索菲亚)上的Echelon-Cross-Echelle光谱仪(EXES)对火星CH 4进行了灵敏的测量,这相当于火星北方半球的夏季(Ls= 123.2)。索菲亚的高海拔(~13.7公里)使我们能够显着减少地球大气的影响。由于索菲亚/EXES减少了大地CH 4对火星CH 4的影响,使我们能够使用污染较少的7.5μm波段的CH 4线,从而提高了我们探测火星CH 4线的机会。然而,我们的研究结果显示没有明确的火星CH 4检测。火星盘在空间上被分解为3 × 3的区域,CH 4体积混合比的上限在火星大气中的范围从1到9 ppb,这明显低于其他几项研究的探测结果。这些结果强调,释放甲烷在火星上是零星的和/或本地化的过程中存在的。
Discovery of CH4in the Martian atmosphere has led to much discussion since it could be a signature of biological and/or geological activities on Mars. However, the presence of CH4and its temporal and spatial variations are still under discussion because of the large uncertainties embedded in the previous observations. We performed sensitive measurements of Martian CH4by using the Echelon-Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) onboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) on 16 March 2016, which corresponds to summer (Ls= 123.2∘) in the northern hemisphere on Mars. The high altitude of SOFIA (~13.7 km) enables us to significantly reduce the effects of terrestrial atmosphere. Thanks to this, SOFIA/EXES improves our chances of detecting Martian CH4lines because it reduces the impact of telluric CH4on Martian CH4, and allows us to use CH4lines in the 7.5μm band which has less contamination. However, our results show no unambiguous detection of Martian CH4. The Martian disk was spatially resolved into 3 × 3 areas, and the upper limits on the CH4volume mixing ratio range from 1 to 9 ppb across the Martian atmosphere, which is significantly less than detections in several other studies. These results emphasize that release of CH4on Mars is sporadic and/or localized if the process is present.
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