Influence of manure application method on veterinary medicine losses to water.
Influence of manure application method on veterinary medicine losses to water.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117361
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
J. Nightingale;L. Carter;C. Sinclair;Phil Rooney;P. Kay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Nightingale;L. Carter;C. Sinclair;Phil Rooney;P. Kay
兽药在现代畜牧业中被常规使用，这导致在动物粪便和泥浆中频繁检测。将粪肥作为有机肥料施用到土地上，为这些生物活性化学物质进入环境提供了一条途径。然而，到目前为止，关于常用粪肥施用方法对土壤系统中兽药归宿的影响的理解有限。为了弥补这一知识差距，进行了一项半田间研究，以评估常用施用方法（如撒播、凿扫和掺入）对兽药在沃茨中损失的影响。选择了一系列兽药并作为混合物使用;这些兽药是恩诺沙星、氟苯尼考、林可霉素、美洛昔康、土霉素、磺胺嘧啶、甲氧苄啶和泰乐菌素。在地表径流和沥滤物中检测到所有评估的兽药，并且在整个灌溉期间浓度普遍下降。地表径流浓度范围分别为0.49 - 183.47 μg/L和2.26-236.83 μg/L。裸露土壤和草地评估的渗滤液浓度分别为0.04 - 309.66 μg/L和0.33-37.79 μg/L。发现更先进的施用方法（凿扫）可显著减少兽药转运至地表径流和渗滤液的质量负荷，比撒播减少13-56%和49-88%。处理后的猪泥浆进一步减少了损失，地表径流和渗滤液损失分别比撒施低13-56%和49-88%。我们的研究结果表明，粪肥施用技术对兽药在环境中的命运有显着的影响，因此，这些影响应考虑在决策过程中的粪肥管理，以及从风险缓解的角度为水生隔室。
Veterinary medicines are routinely used within modern animal husbandry, which results in frequent detections within animal manures and slurries. The application of manures to land as a form of organic fertiliser presents a pathway by which these bioactive chemicals can enter the environment. However, to date, there is limited understanding regarding the influence of commonly used manure application methods on veterinary medicine fate in soil systems. To bridge this knowledge gap, a semi-field study was conducted to assess the influence of commonly used application methods such as, broadcast, chisel sweep, and incorporation on veterinary medicine losses to waters. A range of veterinary medicines were selected and applied as a mixture; these were enrofloxacin, florfenicol, lincomycin, meloxicam, oxytetracycline, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim and tylosin. All the assessed veterinary medicines were detected within surface runoff and leachates, and the concentrations generally decreased throughout the irrigation period. The surface runoff concentrations ranged from 0.49 to 183.47 μg/L and 2.26–236.83 μg/L for the bare soil and grass assessments respectively. The leachate concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 309.66 μg/L and 0.33–37.79 μg/L for the bare soil and grass assessments respectively. More advanced application methods (chisel sweep) were found to significantly reduce the mass loads of veterinary medicines transported to surface runoff and leachate by 13–56% and 49–88% over that of broadcast. Incorporating pig slurries reduced the losses further with surface runoff and leachate losses being 13–56% and 49–88% lower than broadcast. Our results show that manure application techniques have a significant effect on veterinary medicine fate in the environment and as such these effects should be considered in the decision-making processes for the management of manures as well as from a risk mitigation perspective for aquatic compartments.