In-situ observations and modeling of small nitric acid-containing ice crystals
In-situ observations and modeling of small nitric acid-containing ice crystals
复制标题
含硝酸小冰晶的原位观测和建模
DOI：
10.5194/acp-7-3373-2007
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
V. Mitev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Voigt;B. Kärcher;H. Schlager;C. Schiller;M. Krämer;M. D. Reus;H. Vössing;S. Borrmann;V. Mitev
在新生冰形成区域的测量是非常罕见的，有助于了解卷云的形成和微量气体与冰晶的相互作用。在热带对流层上部，用高空研究飞机Geoparica M55上的现场和遥感仪器探测了一个纤细的卷云。除了微物理和光学粒子特性，水（H2O）和活性氮物种（NOy）进行了测量。在14.2至14.9公里高度的微冰过饱和空气中，检测到异常低的冰水含量为0.031 mg m −3和平均半径为5 µm的小冰晶。在冰晶中观察到了5.4×10 −5的高硝酸与水的摩尔比（HNO 3 /H2O），比之前在202 K附近的卷云中观察到的高出一个数量级。一个模型描述的捕获的HNO 3在生长的冰粒表明，预计在早期生长阶段，主要来自于气溶胶颗粒的吸收冻结前在冰晶中的HNO 3含量高。水汽沉积在冰晶上并捕获额外的HNO 3，使摩尔比降低到接近气相中HNO 3 /H2 O的比值，而云的年龄。
Measurements in nascent ice forming regions are very rare and help understand cirrus cloud formation and the interactions of trace gases with ice crystals. A tenuous cirrus cloud has been probed with in-situ and remote sensing instruments onboard the high altitude research aircraft Geophysica M55 in the tropical upper troposphere. Besides microphysical and optical particle properties, water (H 2 O) and reactive nitrogen species (NO y ) have been measured. In slightly ice supersaturated air between 14.2 and 14.9 km altitude, an unusually low ice water content of 0.031 mg m −3 and small ice crystals with mean radii of 5 µm have been detected. A high nitric acid to water molar ratio (HNO 3 /H 2 O) of 5.4×10 −5 has been observed in the ice crystals, about an order of magnitude higher compared to previous observations in cirrus at temperatures near 202 K. A model describing the trapping of HNO 3 in growing ice particles shows that a high HNO 3 content in ice crystals is expected during early growth stages, mainly originating from uptake in aerosol particles prior to freezing. Water vapor deposition on ice crystals and trapping of additional HNO 3 reduces the molar ratio to values close to the ratio of HNO 3 /H 2 O in the gas phase while the cloud ages.
硝酸在冰上的凝结： 1. 对流层上层 NOY 凝结卷云粒子的非 HNO3 成分
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
J. Geophys. Res. 111
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Gamblin;M. Koike;他
通讯作者：
他