Major applications and limitations of blood group genotyping in China.
Major applications and limitations of blood group genotyping in China.
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血型基因分型在中国的主要应用和局限性。
DOI：
10.1111/voxs.12422
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ji Yanli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ji Yanli
分子免疫血液学技术在输血医学中得到了很好的应用。本文综述了血型基因分型在中国的主要应用。其应用主要集中在复杂情况下的血型抗原分型，如ABO亚群、D变异体或亚洲特异性和常见抗原分型（如MNS杂交糖蛋白表达的抗原），也因为缺乏相应的商业抗体。使用中通量或高通量基因分型平台可以获得某些特定样品的综合抗原谱。尽管欧洲D型孕妇的胎儿rh基因分型与避免不必要的产前RhIg高度相关，但由于中国D型孕妇生D型婴儿的概率较低（3-4%），因此其重要性相对较低。相比之下，“亚洲型”DEL的常规分子检测更有必要避免不必要的产前RhIg治疗，因为越来越多的证据表明，携带“亚洲型”DEL等位基因（c.1227G> a, p.Lys409Lys）的个体在暴露于D+红细胞后不会产生同种异体抗D。东亚人群血清学上为D阴性的频率高达30%。theRHD*1227的分子检测方法更准确，适用于“亚洲型”DEL的常规检测。
Molecular immunohematological techniques have been well applied in the transfusion medicine. Here, we review the major applications for blood group genotyping in China. Its application mainly focuses on the typing of blood group antigens in complex cases, such as ABO subgroups, D variants or the Asian specific and common antigens typing (such as the antigens expressed by the MNS hybrid glycophorins), also because of lacking of the corresponding commercial antibodies. The comprehensive antigens profile in some specific samples could be obtained using medium‐ or high‐throughput genotyping platforms. Although, foetalRHDgenotyping in D– pregnant women in Europe is highly relevant to avoid unnecessary antenatal RhIg, it is of comparatively less importance in the Chinese D– pregnant women because of the low probability (3–4%) to have a D– baby. In contrast, the application of routine molecular testing for the ‘Asia type’ DEL, which having a frequency up to 30% in East Asian people serologically typed as D‐negative, is more necessary to avoid unnecessary administration of antenatal RhIg, because there is increasing evidence that individuals carrying the ‘Asia type’ DEL allele (c.1227G>A, p.Lys409Lys) do not produce alloanti‐D after exposure to D+ red blood cells. The molecular methods to detect theRHD*1227Aare more accurate and applicable for routine testing of ‘Asia type’ DEL.