Psychosocial predictors of young male workers’ discrimination against older workers in Japan: comparison of four models
Psychosocial predictors of young male workers’ discrimination against older workers in Japan: comparison of four models
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日本年轻男性工人对老年工人歧视的社会心理预测因素：四种模型的比较
DOI：
10.1017/s0144686x22000289
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Sugisawa Hidehiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inoue Hiroyasu;Todo Yasuyuki;ダニエル・H・フット／濱野亮／太田勝造(編);室岡健志;末吉彩香・柘植雅義;津田壮章;白波瀬佐和子・麦山亮太;Fukunari Kimura;吉見俊哉;Sugisawa Hidehiro
为了创造有利于工人特别是老年工人福祉的环境，必须深入了解作为工作场所一个独特群体的青年工人中的年龄歧视问题。然而，这种年龄歧视仍然不清楚。本研究探讨了年轻男性对日本老年工人歧视的心理社会预测因素。四个模型-群体间接触理论（ICT）、知识-态度-行为模型（KABM）、恐怖管理理论（TMT）和挫折-攻击理论（FAT）-构成了研究的基础。所有的模型包括积极和消极方面的定型观念之间的中介预测和歧视。874名参与者的数据是通过对居住在东京都区的25-39岁员工进行自愿网络调查获得的。一个规模描述与老年工人的互动（支持，不舒服和回避），事实上老龄化测验，恐惧是一个老工人和工作不满意度调查，以检验基于上述理论的假设。结果支持基于ICT和FAT的假设，但不支持KABM。较高的支持性接触显着相关，以较低的歧视介导的较高的积极和较低的消极方面的定型观念。接触的特点是更高的不适显着相关，以更高的歧视介导的较低的积极和更高的消极方面的刻板印象。较高的工作不满度与较低的积极刻板印象介导的较高的歧视。有趣的是，更高的恐惧是一个老工人显着相关的较低的歧视介导的更高的积极的刻板印象，相反的TMT为基础的假设。因此，信息和通信技术以及与年龄歧视有关的工厂技术可以解释日本年轻男性工人对老年工人的歧视，日本与西方国家在文化上不同。此外，研究结果表明，提高互动质量以及减少与老年工人的不良互动有助于减少歧视。
To create environments conducive to the wellbeing of workers, especially older workers, it is important to gain insight into ageism among young workers as a distinct segment in the workplace. However, this ageism remains unclear. This study explored the psychosocial predictors of discrimination against older Japanese workers by their younger male counterparts. Four models – Intergroup Contact Theory (ICT), Knowledge–Attitude–Behaviour Model (KABM), Terror Management Theory (TMT) and Frustration–Aggression Theory (FAT) – formed the basis of the study. All the models included positive and negative dimensions of stereotypes as mediators between predictors and discrimination. Data from 874 participants were obtained through a voluntary web survey for employees aged 25–39 years who lived in the Tokyo metropolitan area. A scale describing interactions with older workers (supportive, uncomfortable and avoidance), Facts on Ageing quiz, fears of being an older worker and a job dissatisfaction survey were employed to examine the hypotheses based on the above theories. The results supported the hypotheses based on ICT and FAT but not KABM. Higher supportive contacts were significantly related to lower discrimination mediated by a higher positive and lower negative dimension of stereotypes. Contacts characterised by higher discomfort were significantly related to higher discrimination mediated by a lower positive and higher negative dimension of stereotypes. Higher job dissatisfaction was related to higher discrimination mediated by lower positive stereotypes. Interestingly, higher fear of being an older worker was significantly related to lower discrimination mediated by higher positive stereotypes, contrary to the TMT-based hypotheses. Thus, ICT and FAT regarding ageism can explain young male workers’ discrimination against older workers in Japan, which differs culturally from Western countries. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that boosting the quality of interactions as well as reducing bad interactions with older workers contribute to lower discrimination.
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