Factors influencing participation in physical activity among 11-13 year-old school children in the Western Cape , South Africa
Factors influencing participation in physical activity among 11-13 year-old school children in the Western Cape , South Africa
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南非西开普省 11-13 岁学童参与体育活动的影响因素
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发表时间：
2018
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Leach
中科院分区：
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作者：
C. Cozett;S. Bassett;L. Leach
南非青少年普遍缺乏运动，学校青少年肥胖已成为一个令人担忧的趋势。本研究旨在确定体育活动的诱发因素、强化因素和促成因素，并确定西开普省青少年参与体育活动的最强预测因素。采用基于定量研究方法的横断面描述性研究设计。从西开普省 Metropole South 教育区的两所小学中随机抽取了 348 名 4 至 7 年级学习者，其中包括 11 至 13 岁的男女。使用儿童体力活动相关调查问卷收集数据。使用描述性和推论性统计来分析数据。进行皮尔逊相关分析和回归分析以确定变量之间的关系并分别确定体力活动的最强预测因子。结果表明，父母影响（r = 0.236，p < 0.01）、同伴影响（r = 0.012，p < 0.05）、感知体力活动自我效能（r = 0.212，p < 0.05）和感知体力活动能力（r = 0.192，p < 0.05）都是体力活动的显着强预测因子，其中父母影响是总体上最强的预测因子。这表明，如果青少年得到父母的支持，他们更有可能参加体育活动。家长支持包括家长与青少年一起参加体育活动团队比赛、购买体育活动设备、允许进行课后活动以及提供前往体育活动场所的交通。父母对青少年的鼓励包括积极强化和在青少年身体活跃时持续鼓励。简介 青春期是人生的关键时期，在此期间心理社会行为发生重要转变，并建立许多未来的健康行为（Mohamadian & Ghannaee Aran，2014）。它为实施鼓励积极健康行为的干预措施提供了理想的机会，特别是在参与体育活动 (PA) 方面（Mackintosh、Knowles、Ridgers、Stuart 和 Fairclough，2011）。身体活动被定义为骨骼肌产生的任何需要能量消耗的身体运动。由于多种因素影响青少年参与 PA，因此健康教育者了解儿童 PA 参与的重要预测因素非常重要（King Ogletree、Fetro、Brown & Partrich，2011；Belton、O’ Brien、Meegan、Woods & Issartel，2014；Marques、Peralta & Santos，2014）。青少年体育活动推广模式
South African adolescents, in general, are physically inactive, and obesity amongst the youth at schools has become an alarming trend. This study aimed to identify the predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors of physical activity and to determine the strongest predictors of physical activity participation among adolescents in the Western Cape. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used based on quantitative research methods. A sample of 348 learners, both male and female aged 11 to 13 years, from grades 4 to 7, were conveniently selected from two primary schools in the Metropole South Education District of the Western Cape. Data collection was conducted using the Children’s Physical Activity Correlates Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship between the variables and to determine the strongest predictors of physical activity, respectively. The results showed that parental influence (r = 0.236, p < 0.01), peer influence (r = 0.012, p < 0.05), perceived physical activity selfefficacy (r = 0.212, p < 0.05) and perceived physical activity competence (r = 0.192, p < 0.05) were all significantly strong predictors of physical activity, with parental influence being the strongest predictor overall. This suggests that adolescents are more likely to participate in physical activity if they receive support from their parents. Parental support includes parents participating with adolescents, attending physical activity team games, buying physical activity equipment, giving permission for after school activities and providing transport to physical activity venues. Parental encouragement for adolescents includes positive reinforcement and continuous encouragement while adolescents are physically active. Introduction Adolescence is a crucial period of life during which important shifts in psychosocial behaviour occur and many future health behaviours are established (Mohamadian & Ghannaee Aran, 2014). It provides an ideal opportunity to implement interventions that encourage positive health behaviours, especially in physical activity (PA) participation (Mackintosh, Knowles, Ridgers, Stuart & Fairclough, 2011). Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. Since multiple factors influence an adolescent’s participation in PA, it is important for health educators to understand the significant predictors of children’s PA participation (King Ogletree, Fetro, Brown & Partrich, 2011; Belton, O’ Brien, Meegan, Woods & Issartel, 2014; Marques, Peralta & Santos, 2014). The Youth Physical Activity Promotional Model