The Roles of Mast Cells in Parasitic Protozoan Infections.
The Roles of Mast Cells in Parasitic Protozoan Infections.
复制标题
肥大细胞在寄生原生动物感染中的作用
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00363
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Huang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu F;Huang S
原生动物寄生虫，如疟原虫、利什曼原虫、锥虫和刚地弓形虫，是人类和动物寄生虫病的主要原因。免疫系统在对抗原生动物中起着至关重要的作用，但它们的免疫机制仍然知之甚少。这突出表明需要研究参与寄生虫感染过程的免疫细胞的功能以及宿主免疫系统对寄生虫感染的反应。肥大细胞（MCs）在过敏和过敏反应中起着重要作用，并且已经证明，MCs在宿主防御许多不同病原体（包括寄生虫）方面起着至关重要的作用。迄今为止，有许多研究已经检查了蠕虫来源的抗原和MCs的相互作用。MCs作为主要的效应细胞之一，在一些寄生原生动物的免疫应答中也起着重要的作用，但其在原生动物感染中的作用尚不清楚。在此，我们回顾了MCs及其介质在高致病性原生动物（包括疟原虫、利什曼原虫、锥虫和弓形虫）感染过程中的作用。我们对感染上述原生动物的患者和实验动物模型的数据进行了综述，这些数据将MCs和mc衍生介质与不同情况下炎症加剧和疾病进展以及对寄生虫感染的保护联系起来。这一综述更新了我们目前对MCs在寄生原生动物感染中的作用的理解，并且MCs参与寄生原生动物感染可能是一个潜在的治疗靶点。
Protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium spp., Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., and Toxoplasma gondii are major causes of parasitic diseases in both humans and animals. The immune system plays a critical role against protozoa, but their immune mechanism remains poorly understood. This highlights the need to investigate the function of immune cells involved in the process of parasite infections and the responses of host immune system to parasite infections. Mast cells (MCs) are known to be central players in allergy and anaphylaxis, and it has been demonstrated that MCs have crucial roles in host defense against a number of different pathogens, including parasites. To date, there are many studies that have examined the interaction of helminth-derived antigens and MCs. As one of the major effector cells, MCs also play an important role in the immune response against some parasitic protozoa, but their role in protozoan infections is, however, less well characterized. Herein, we review the current knowledge about the roles of MCs and their mediators during infections involving highly pathogenic protozoa including Plasmodium spp., Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., and T. gondii. We offer a general review of the data from patients and experimental animal models infected with the aforementioned protozoa, which correlate MCs and MC-derived mediators with exacerbated inflammation and disease progression as well as protection against the parasitic infections in different circumstances. This review updates our current understanding of the roles of MCs during parasitic protozoan infections, and the participation of MCs in parasitic protozoan infections could be of a potential therapeutic target.