Construction of job-exposure matrices for the Nordic Occupational Cancer Study (NOCCA)
Construction of job-exposure matrices for the Nordic Occupational Cancer Study (NOCCA)
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DOI：
10.1080/02841860902718747
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Pukkala, Eero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kauppinen, Timo;Heikkila, Pirjo;Pukkala, Eero
介绍。北欧职业癌症研究（NOCCA）是一项基于丹麦、芬兰、冰岛、挪威和瑞典一次或多次人口普查的就业人口的队列研究。大规模的队列使我们能够研究罕见的癌症，并通过职业和特定的职业暴露来识别甚至很小的风险。本文描述了工作暴露矩阵（job-exposure matrices, JEMs）的构建原理和经验，这是一种将职业头衔的历史转化为对潜在致癌物质暴露的定量估计的工具。材料和方法。对于每个北欧国家，一个专家小组在芬兰矩阵（FINJEM）的基础上构建了一个国家JEM，该矩阵自20世纪90年代中期以来一直用于类似的国家研究。结果。北欧综合管理人员的结构是三维的（300多个职业，20多个代理人，1945-1994年的4个时期）。暴露的特点是估计暴露的流行程度和水平。在几次接触中观察到北欧国家之间的重要差异。讨论。在工作开始时选择优先代理人-职业组合和通过一般原则是必要的，因为需要评价的估计数数目很高（超过50 000/国家）。选择性地修改现有的JEM供其他国家使用是可行的，尽管这是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为关于过去使用化学品的接触数据和信息很少。与所有北欧国家使用FINJEM相比，修订过程可能会提高职业性癌症剂量反应和风险估计的有效性，这将很快成为NOCCA项目的主要成果。
Introduction. The Nordic Occupational Cancer study (NOCCA) is a cohort study based on employed populations in one or more censuses in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The large size of the cohort allows us to study rare cancers and to identify even small risks by occupation and by specific occupational exposures. This paper describes principles and experiences of the construction of job-exposure matrices (JEMs), an instrument to transform the history of occupational titles into quantitative estimates of exposure to potential carcinogenic substances. Material and methods. For each Nordic country, a national JEM was constructed by a team of experts on the basis of the Finnish matrix (FINJEM) that has been used in similar national studies since the mid-1990s. Results. The structure of the Nordic JEMs is three-dimensional (over 300 occupations, over 20 agents, 4 periods covering 1945-1994). Exposure is characterised by estimates of the prevalence and level of exposure. Important differences between the Nordic countries were observed for several exposures. Discussion. The selection of priority agent-occupation combinations and the adoption of general principles in the beginning of the work were necessary because of the high number of estimates to be evaluated (over 50 000/country). The selective modification of an existing JEM for use in other countries was a feasible, albeit challenging task, because exposure data and information about the use of chemicals in the past was scanty. As compared to the use of FINJEM for all Nordic countries, the modification process will probably increase the validity of dose-response and risk estimates Of occupational cancer which is to be expected soon as the main outcome of the NOCCA project.