Searching for wheat resistance to aphids and wheat bulb fly in the historical Watkins and Gediflux wheat collections.
Searching for wheat resistance to aphids and wheat bulb fly in the historical Watkins and Gediflux wheat collections.
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DOI：
10.1111/aab.12326
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smart LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aradottir GI;Martin JL;Clark SJ;Pickett JA;Smart LE
害虫通过直接取食和传播植物病毒来降低小麦产量。在这里，我们报告了对各种小麦的实验室和田间表型研究的结果，包括来自Watkins种质的地方品种来自绿色革命之前，更多的现代品种来自GediFlux种质(西北欧)，以及现代英国精英品种，用于抗鸟樱桃蚜，Rhop alosiphum PADI(同翅目：蜂科)和英国麦长管蚜(同翅目：蜂科)。共筛选出338个品系和340个品系。还在122个Watkins品系上进行了田间试验，以确定麦球蝇Delia coarctata对这些地方品种的偏好。不同小麦品种间和品种内的昆虫表现有相当大的差异，一些品种的感受性降低，但表型没有鉴定出对蚜虫或小麦鳞茎蝇有很强的抗性。田间试验表明，在不同的收集范围内，蚜虫的表现存在差异，沃特金斯收集的品系中的蚜虫较少。这与实验室生物测定中的发育数据不同，表明存在阻止蚜虫定居的降落前线索，并表明与实验室苗木相比，田间较老植物对蚜虫的偏好和表现有所不同，突显了在不同植物生长阶段进行抗蚜性表型鉴定的必要性。不同种类的昆虫在不同品种上的表现之间没有联系，这可能表明不同的营养需求或抗性机制。
Insect pests can reduce wheat yield by direct feeding and transmission of plant viruses. Here we report results from laboratory and field phenotyping studies on a wide range of wheat, including landraces from the Watkins collection deriving from before the green revolution, more modern cultivars from the Gediflux collection (north‐western Europe) and modern UK Elite varieties, for resistance to the bird cherry‐oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) and the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Homoptera: Aphididae). A total of 338 lines were screened for R. padi and 340 lines for S. avenae. Field trials were also conducted on 122 Watkins lines to identify wheat bulb fly, Delia coarctata, preference on these landraces. Considerable variation was shown in insect performance among and within different wheat collections, with reduced susceptibility in a number of varieties, but phenotyping did not identify strong resistance to aphids or wheat bulb fly. Field trials showed within collection differences in aphid performance, with fewer aphids populating lines from the Watkins collection. This differs from development data in laboratory bioassays and suggests that there is a pre‐alighting cue deterring aphid settlement and demonstrates differences in aphid preference and performance on older plants in the field compared with seedlings in the laboratory, highlighting the need for phenotyping for aphid resistance at different plant growth stages. No association was identified between performance of the different insect species on individual varieties, potentially suggesting different nutritional requirements or resistance mechanisms.