Benefits of Acoustic Beamforming for Solving the Cocktail Party Problem.
Benefits of Acoustic Beamforming for Solving the Cocktail Party Problem.
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DOI：
10.1177/2331216515593385
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发表时间：
2015-06-30
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Swaminathan J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kidd G Jr;Mason CR;Best V;Swaminathan J
在语音掩蔽实验中确定了声波束形成麦克风阵列为感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）听众提供的益处。听力正常的对照组也进行了测试。对于SNHL听众，处方确定的增益施加到刺激，并使用波束形成器的性能进行了比较，使用双边放大。听众识别来自位于正前方（0°方位角）的目标说话者的语音，其中存在四个竞争说话者，所述四个竞争说话者与目标共处一处或在空间上与目标分离。使用测量的脉冲响应将刺激空间化，并通过耳机呈现。在空间分离的掩蔽条件下，四个掩蔽物以±15°和±30°或±45°和±90°对称地围绕靶布置。结果显示，掩蔽语音接收阈值的空间分离掩蔽较高（较差）的平均SNHL比正常听力的听众。对于大多数SNHL听众在较宽的掩蔽分离条件下，通过麦克风阵列比通过双边放大获得更低的阈值。在两个听众群体中发现了很大的主体间差异。最好的掩蔽语音接收阈值整体被发现的混合条件下，结合自然和波束成形的听力，以保持本地化的宽带源。
The benefit provided to listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) by an acoustic beamforming microphone array was determined in a speech-on-speech masking experiment. Normal-hearing controls were tested as well. For the SNHL listeners, prescription-determined gain was applied to the stimuli, and performance using the beamformer was compared with that obtained using bilateral amplification. The listener identified speech from a target talker located straight ahead (0° azimuth) in the presence of four competing talkers that were either colocated with, or spatially separated from, the target. The stimuli were spatialized using measured impulse responses and presented via earphones. In the spatially separated masker conditions, the four maskers were arranged symmetrically around the target at ±15° and ±30° or at ±45° and ±90°. Results revealed that masked speech reception thresholds for spatially separated maskers were higher (poorer) on average for the SNHL than for the normal-hearing listeners. For most SNHL listeners in the wider masker separation condition, lower thresholds were obtained through the microphone array than through bilateral amplification. Large intersubject differences were found in both listener groups. The best masked speech reception thresholds overall were found for a hybrid condition that combined natural and beamforming listening in order to preserve localization for broadband sources.