Non-invasive in vivo Imaging Grading of Liver Fibrosis.
Non-invasive in vivo Imaging Grading of Liver Fibrosis.
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DOI：
10.14218/jcth.2017.00038
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发表时间：
2018-06-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Song B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiang H;Zheng T;Duan T;Chen J;Song B
肝纤维化（Liver fibrosis，LF）是各种病因慢性肝病的常见结果，其特征是肝内胶原、糖蛋白和蛋白多糖等大分子物质的过度积累。LF可导致肝功能障碍、肝硬化、门静脉高压症，在某些情况下，还可导致肝细胞癌。作为目前诊断LF的金标准，肝活检，然而，是侵入性的，容易发生采样错误和程序相关的并发症。因此，开发无创、准确、可重复的影像学检查方法对LF的诊断和分期具有重要意义。常规超声（US）、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振（MR）成像可以描述晚期LF的形态学改变，但表征早期LF的能力相对有限。为了优化LF在其整个严重程度范围内的无创成像技术的诊断性能，已经建立了许多新的方法，包括US弹性成像、CT灌注成像和各种基于MR成像的技术，并将其引入临床实践。在这篇综述中，我们打算总结目前的LF的无创成像技术，特别强调新出现的成像方式的可能作用，优点和局限性。
Liver fibrosis (LF), a common consequence of chronic liver diseases with various etiologies, is characterized by excessive accumulation of macromolecules, including collagen, glycoproteins and proteoglycans, in the liver. LF can result in hepatic dysfunction, cirrhosis, portal hypertension and, in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. As the current gold standard for diagnosing LF, liver biopsy, however, is invasive and prone to sampling errors and procedure-related complications. Therefore, developing noninvasive, precise and reproducible imaging tests for diagnosing and staging LF is of great significance. Conventional ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can depict morphological alterations of advanced LF, but have relatively limited capability characterizing early-stage LF. In order to optimize the diagnostic performances of noninvasive imaging techniques for LF across its entire spectrum of severity, a number of novel methods, including US elastography, CT perfusion imaging and various MR imaging–based techniques, have been established and introduced to clinical practice. In this review, we intended to summarize current noninvasive imaging techniques for LF, with special emphasis on the possible roles, advantages and limitations of the new emerging imaging modalities.