Ethanol as a Clean Cooking Alternative in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Sugarcane Production and Ethanol Adoption Sites in Malawi and Mozambique
Ethanol as a Clean Cooking Alternative in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Sugarcane Production and Ethanol Adoption Sites in Malawi and Mozambique
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乙醇作为撒哈拉以南非洲的清洁烹饪替代品：来自马拉维和莫桑比克甘蔗生产和乙醇采用地点的见解
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-15-5358-5_5
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
G. Maltitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Nyambane;F. X. Johnson;C. Romeu;C. Ochieng;A. Gasparatos;S. Mudombi;G. Maltitz
获得清洁、负担得起、可靠和可持续的能源是撒哈拉以南非洲目前面临的最大可持续性挑战之一。这主要是因为该区域大多数家庭继续依赖传统的生物质能源来满足其烹饪能源需求。尽管传统生物质能源对那些始终负担不起现代烹饪选择的穷人很重要，但它对环境、经济、社会、文化和健康产生了负面影响。当生物质是通过不可持续的做法获得的，并在通风不良的空间中在效率低下的炉灶中燃烧时，情况尤其如此。然而，旨在通过推广高效技术和/或用清洁燃料替代传统烹饪方法来减少这些影响的干预措施迄今为止在撒南非洲取得的成功有限。本章重点介绍生物乙醇作为炊事燃料，可以克服传统生物质燃料对可持续性的负面影响。我们综合经验教训，从个案研究跨越需求方（特别是乙醇炉的采用和使用在莫桑比克马普托的网站）和供应方（特别是甘蔗乙醇生产在马拉维的Dwangwa网站）。研究结果表明，一些权衡出现在甘蔗原料生产供应，调节和文化生态系统服务之间。这些变化是通过与农业用地和林地的转换有关的土地使用变化来调节的，以进行大规模的灌溉甘蔗生产。另一方面，各种因素影响了最终用户采用和停用乙醇炉，其中成本是最主要的。我们认为，持续采用清洁炉灶和可持续生产原料可以支持多个可持续发展目标（SDG）的进展。政府的支持、利用现有的营销结构、提高认识和售后服务都被认为是建立一个成功的生物乙醇燃料和炉灶分销链的重要因素。在供应方面，应努力了解并尽可能减少甘蔗生产所产生的权衡。
Access to clean, affordable, reliable and sustainable energy is one of the greatest sustainability challenges currently facing sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This is largely due to the fact that most households in the region continue to rely on traditional biomass energy to meet their cooking energy needs. Despite its importance for the poor that cannot always afford modern cooking options, traditional biomass energy has been associated with negative environmental, economic, social, cultural and health impacts. This is especially true when the biomass is obtained through unsustainable practices and burned in inefficient cookstoves in poorly ventilated spaces. However, interventions seeking to reduce these impacts through the promotion of efficient technologies and/or the substitution of traditional cooking options with cleaner fuels have thus far had limited success in SSA. This chapter focuses on bioethanol as a cooking fuel that could overcome several of the negative sustainability impacts of traditional biomass fuels for cooking. We synthesize lessons from case studies spanning the demand side (in particular a site of ethanol stove adoption and use in Maputo, Mozambique) and the supply side (in particular a site of sugarcane ethanol production in Dwangwa, Malawi). The results suggest that some trade-offs emerge during the production of sugarcane feedstock between provisioning, regulating and cultural ecosystem services. These are mediated through land use change associated with the conversion of agricultural land and woodland, for large-scale irrigated sugarcane production. On the other hand, various factors have affected the adoption and discontinuation of ethanol stoves by end users, with cost being the most dominant. We argue that the sustained adoption of clean stoves and the sustainable production of feedstock can support progress for several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Government support, use of existing marketing structures, awareness creation and aftersales services were all found to be important in establishing a successful bioethanol fuel and stove distribution chain. On the supply side, there should be efforts to understand and minimize to the extent possible the trade-offs that arise from sugarcane production.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Romeu-Dalmau, Carla;Gasparatos, Alexandros;Willis, Katherine J.
通讯作者：
Willis, Katherine J.