A multibit geometrically robust image watermark based on Zernike moments
A multibit geometrically robust image watermark based on Zernike moments
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DOI：
10.1109/icpr.2004.58
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发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yongqing Xin;S. Liao;M. Pawlak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yongqing Xin;S. Liao;M. Pawlak
在图像水印中，水印对几何变换的鲁棒性一直是一个有待解决的问题。利用不变的图像特征来携带水印是解决这一问题的有效方法。提出了一种基于泽尼克矩的多比特几何鲁棒图像水印算法。选择图像的一些泽尼克矩，并对其大小进行抖动调制以嵌入一组比特。将修改后的矩和保持不变的矩进行重构得到水印图像。在水印提取中，使用最小距离解码器从泽尼克矩的不变幅度估计嵌入的位。仿真结果表明，该算法具有较低的误码率，对图像旋转、缩放、翻转以及有损压缩等多种失真具有较强的鲁棒性。
In image watermarking, the watermark robustness to geometric transformations is still an open problem. Using invariant image features to carry the watermark is an effective approach to addressing this problem. In this paper, a multibit geometrically robust image watermarking algorithm using Zernike moments is proposed. Some Zernike moments of an image are selected, and their magnitudes are dither-modulated to embed an array of bits. The watermarked image is obtained via reconstruction from the modified moments and those left intact. In watermark extraction, the embedded bits are estimated from the invariant magnitudes of the Zernike moments using a minimum distance decoder. Simulation results show that the hidden message can be decoded at low error rates, robust against image rotation, scaling and flipping, and as well, a variety of other distortions such as lossy compression.