Rewiring the brain: potential role of the premotor cortex in motor control, learning, and recovery of function following brain injury.
Rewiring the brain: potential role of the premotor cortex in motor control, learning, and recovery of function following brain injury.
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DOI：
10.1177/1545968311420845
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Cohen LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kantak SS;Stinear JW;Buch ER;Cohen LG
大脑是一个塑料器官，具有对行为和/或伤害做出反应的能力。在运动皮质或紧急皮质脊髓通路损伤后，功能的恢复取决于幸存的解剖资源对特定任务训练的恢复和修复的能力。在卒中后重组以促进上肢恢复的一个这样的区域是运动前皮质(PMC)。这项研究综述了PMC的不同细分：背侧(PMD)和腹侧(PMV)运动前皮质作为神经网络中的关键解剖和生理节点在控制和学习目标定向的伸展和抓取动作方面所起的作用。基于对动物和人类内在和外在连接性、经颅磁刺激、功能神经成像和实验研究的证据，作者提出了两种不同的重组模式，它们不同地参与了自发性和对侧PMC。本文还提出了进一步深入了解PMC在运动控制、学习和卒中后恢复中的作用的研究方向。本研究可能有助于脑损伤后神经可塑性的最大限度恢复。
The brain is a plastic organ with a capability to reorganize in response to behavior and/or injury. Following injury to the motor cortex or emergent corticospinal pathways, recovery of function depends on the capacity of surviving anatomical resources to recover and repair in response to task-specific training. One such area implicated in poststroke reorganization to promote recovery of upper extremity recovery is the premotor cortex (PMC). This study reviews the role of distinct subdivisions of PMC: dorsal (PMd) and ventral (PMv) premotor cortices as critical anatomical and physiological nodes within the neural networks for the control and learning of goal-oriented reach and grasp actions in healthy individuals and individuals with stroke. Based on evidence emerging from studies of intrinsic and extrinsic connectivity, transcranial magnetic stimulation, functional neuroimaging, and experimental studies in animals and humans, the authors propose 2 distinct patterns of reorganization that differentially engage ipsilesional and contralesional PMC. Research directions that may offer further insights into the role of PMC in motor control, learning, and poststroke recovery are also proposed. This research may facilitate neuroplasticity for maximal recovery of function following brain injury.