Larval Morphology of Meruidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) and Its Phylogenetic Implications
Larval Morphology of Meruidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) and Its Phylogenetic Implications
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DOI：
10.1603/an10054
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发表时间：
2005-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Alarie;A. Short;M. Garcia;L. Joly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Alarie;A. Short;M. Garcia;L. Joly
摘要梳爪叶甲科（Meruidae）是委内瑞拉特有的一个单型科。根据2005年Spangler & Steiner在委内瑞拉南部与成虫一起收集的材料，首次描述了Meruidae的幼虫。外部形态特征，包括毛序，报告的成熟幼虫和评估的极性幼虫的系统发育效用Adephaga。Meruidae的幼虫具有原始和衍生的特征状态的混合物，它们在Adephaga中是独特的，因为这里的下颌骨是不对称的，呼吸系统仅由两对气门组成（=寡气门），爪是梳状的，腹部胸骨VIII延长重叠腹部胸骨IX。用PAUP* 程序对18个信息丰富的幼虫特征进行了简约性分析。最简约的树确认Meruidae作为Dytiscoidea内的一个相对基础的血统。Meru Spangler & Steiner和Noteridae都被假设为在Amphalidae，Aspidytidae，Hygrobiidae和Dytispalidae之前分叉。
ABSTRACT Meruidae, or comb-clawed cascade beetles, are a recently discovered monotypic family of Adephaga endemic to Venezuela. The larvae of Meruidae are described for the first time, based on material of Meru phyllisae Spangler & Steiner, 2005, collected together with adults in southern Venezuela. External morphological features, including chaetotaxy, are reported for the mature larva and an assessment made of the polarity of larval characters of phylogenetic utility in Adephaga. Larvae of Meruidae possess a mixture of primitive and derived character states, and they are unique within the Adephaga in that here the mandibles are asymmetrical, the respiratory system is comprised of only two pairs of spiracles (= oligopneustic), the claws are pectinate, and the abdominal sternite VIII is prolonged overlapping the abdominal sternite IX. A parsimony analysis based on 18 informative larval characteristics was conducted with the program PAUP*. The most parsimonious trees confirm Meruidae as a relatively basal lineage within the Dytiscoidea. Both Meru Spangler & Steiner and Noteridae are hypothesized to have diverged anterior to Amphizoidae, Aspidytidae, Hygrobiidae, and Dytiscidae.