Measuring Resilience to Operational Stress in Canadian Armed Forces Personnel
Measuring Resilience to Operational Stress in Canadian Armed Forces Personnel
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/jts.22261
复制
发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Cernak, Ibolja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hellewell, Sarah C.;Cernak, Ibolja
对压力的适应是由先天的弹性控制的，它由复杂的神经内分泌和免疫机制以及遗传或习得的行为特征组成。基于他们的适应能力，一些人在压力环境中茁壮成长，而另一些人则经历适应不良。在我们的研究中，我们使用了最先进的工具来评估个人的恢复能力水平，以及他们对军事压力引起的行为和认知缺陷的易感性。为了解决这个复杂的问题，我们在三种不同的压力环境（基线）下对加拿大武装部队（CAF）人员进行了测试：部署前训练、在阿富汗的部署和返回加拿大后的重新调整。我们的综合结果测量包括心理测试、唾液生物标志物和使用剑桥神经心理学自动测试电池的计算机认知测试。根据最初的生物标志物测量结果，将参与者分为低、中、高压力适应不良风险。生物标志物在基线之间显示显著变化（ds = 0.56至2.44），以δ变化计算。低压力适应不良风险的参与者表现出最小的变化，而高压力适应不良风险的参与者表现出显著的生物标志物变化。心理测量模式和认知功能同样受到基线的影响，这表明唾液压力生物标志物小组可能是确定压力适应不良风险的有用工具，压力适应不良会导致心理和认知能力下降。
Adaptability to stress is governed by innate resilience, comprised of complex neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms alongside inherited or learned behavioral traits. Based on their capacity to adapt, some people thrive in stressful situations, whereas others experience maladaptation. In our study, we used state-of-the-art tools to assess the resilience level in individuals, as well as their susceptibility to developing military stress-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits. To address this complex question, we tested Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel in three distinct stress environments (baselines): during predeployment training, deployment in Afghanistan, and readjustment upon return to Canada. Our comprehensive outcome measures included psychometric tests, saliva biomarkers, and computerized cognitive tests that used the Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Test Battery. Participants were categorized based on initial biomarker measurements as being at low-, moderate-, or high stress-maladaptation risk. Biomarkers showed significant changes (ds = 0.56 to 2.44) between baselines, calculated as delta changes. Participants at low stress-maladaptation risk demonstrated minimal changes, whereas those at high stress-maladaptation risk showed significant biomarker variations. The psychometric patterns and cognitive functions were likewise affected across baselines, suggesting that the panel of saliva stress biomarkers could be a useful tool for determining the risk of stress maladaptation that can cause psychological and cognitive decline.