Dim Light at Night Interferes With the Development of the Short-Day Phenotype and Impairs Cell-Mediated Immunity in Siberian Hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
Dim Light at Night Interferes With the Development of the Short-Day Phenotype and Impairs Cell-Mediated Immunity in Siberian Hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.1877
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Nelson, Randy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aubrecht, Taryn G.;Weil, Zachary M.;Nelson, Randy J.
在热带地区以外的地方，冬天是生存和繁殖的艰难时期。动物利用白天的长度（光周期）来调节季节性适应，以预期具有挑战性的冬季条件。这些光周期调节的最终结果是增强免疫功能和提高生存率。因此，辨别白昼长度信息的能力对小动物的生存和繁殖至关重要。然而，在过去的一个世纪里，城市和郊区的发展迅速扩大，使来自各种来源的光充满了夜空，模糊了关键的光暗信号，这改变了对白天长度的生理解释。此外，缩小的空间、与人的距离增加以及夜间的灯光可能会成为小动物的压力源。急性压力源通常会增强免疫反应，而长期暴露于压力源往往会损害免疫反应。因此，我们假设夜间昏暗的光线和慢性应激的结合干扰了在短时间内观察到的增强的细胞介导的免疫。将西伯利亚仓鼠（Phodopus sungorus）分为昼短夜长、夜暗（0勒克斯）和夜暗（5勒克斯）两组，为期10周。经过2周的慢性约束（6小时/天），慢性应激模型，延迟型超敏反应（DTH）反应进行评估。夜晚昏暗的灯光和克制都会降低DTH的反应。在漫长的夜晚，昏暗的光线产生了中间短昼表型。这些结果表明，夜间持续的光照可能会通过扰乱繁殖时间和免疫反应，对光周期啮齿动物的生存产生负面影响。[j] .实验与实验，2014,31(1):450-456。(c) 2014 Wiley期刊公司
Winter is a challenging time to survive and breed outside of the tropics. Animals use day length (photoperiod) to regulate seasonally appropriate adaptations in anticipation of challenging winter conditions. The net result of these photoperiod-mediated adjustments is enhanced immune function and increased survival. Thus, the ability to discriminate day length information is critical for survival and reproduction in small animals. However, during the past century, urban and suburban development has rapidly expanded and filled the night sky with light from various sources, obscuring crucial light-dark signals, which alters physiological interpretation of day lengths. Furthermore, reduced space, increased proximity to people, and the presence of light at night may act as stressors for small animals. Whereas acute stressors typically enhance immune responses, chronic exposure to stressors often impairs immune responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that the combination of dim light at night and chronic stress interferes with enhanced cell-mediated immunity observed during short days. Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) were assigned to short or long days with dark nights (0lux) or dim (5lux) light at night for 10 weeks. Following 2 weeks of chronic restraint (6hr/day), a model of chronic stress, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses were assessed. Both dim light at night and restraint reduced the DTH response. Dim light at night during long nights produced an intermediate short day phenotype. These results suggest the constant presence of light at night could negatively affect survival of photoperiodic rodents by disrupting the timing of breeding and immune responses. J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 450-456, 2014. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.