The potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the management of radiation enteropathy.
The potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the management of radiation enteropathy.
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间充质干细胞在治疗放射性肠病中的潜力
DOI：
10.1038/cddis.2015.189
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发表时间：
2015-08-06
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Dong LH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang PY;Qu YQ;Wang J;Dong LH
虽然放射线治疗对腹部及骨盆部恶性肿瘤有效，但放射性肠病仍不可避免。由于肠道缺血、粘膜炎、溃疡、坏死甚至穿孔等顽固性病变，严重影响了癌症患者的生活质量。目前的药物或流行疗法致力于缓解上述病变引起的症状。但由于组织再生的环境没有明显改善，这些干预措施的效果仍不令人满意。近年来，利用骨髓间充质干细胞再生治疗放射性肠病已引起广泛关注。临床前和临床研究的相关结果表明，这种再生疗法将成为治疗放射性肠病的一种有吸引力的工具，因为间充质干细胞表现出其促进再生的潜力，用于愈合上皮和内皮的损伤，最大限度地减少炎症，并通过激活内在修复作用保护受照射的肠道免受纤维化。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的结果，间充质干细胞是否促进肿瘤生长仍然是一个争论的问题。在此基础上，本文将从分析放射性肠病的发病机制、介绍再生疗法治疗放射性肠病的研究进展、探讨间充质干细胞修复肠道损伤的可能作用等方面，综述间充质干细胞在放射性肠病抗肿瘤治疗中的应用进展。最后，从间充质干细胞治疗放射性肠病患者的潜在风险中获得的见解可能会为临床医生提供更好的认识，以开展他们的研究。
Although radiotherapy is effective in managing abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors, radiation enteropathy is still unavoidable. This disease severely affects the quality of life of cancer patients due to some refractory lesions, such as intestinal ischemia, mucositis, ulcer, necrosis or even perforation. Current drugs or prevailing therapies are committed to alleviating the symptoms induced by above lesions. But the efficacies achieved by these interventions are still not satisfactory, because the milieus for tissue regeneration are not distinctly improved. In recent years, regenerative therapy for radiation enteropathy by using mesenchymal stem cells is of public interests. Relevant results of preclinical and clinical studies suggest that this regenerative therapy will become an attractive tool in managing radiation enteropathy, because mesenchymal stem cells exhibit their pro-regenerative potentials for healing the injuries in both epithelium and endothelium, minimizing inflammation and protecting irradiated intestine against fibrogenesis through activating intrinsic repair actions. In spite of these encouraging results, whether mesenchymal stem cells promote tumor growth is still an issue of debate. On this basis, we will discuss the advances in anticancer therapy by using mesenchymal stem cells in this review after analyzing the pathogenesis of radiation enteropathy, introducing the advances in managing radiation enteropathy using regenerative therapy and exploring the putative actions by which mesenchymal stem cells repair intestinal injuries. At last, insights gained from the potential risks of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for radiation enteropathy patients may provide clinicians with an improved awareness in carrying out their studies.