A longitudinal analysis of smoke-free laws and smoking initiation disparities among young adults in the United States.
A longitudinal analysis of smoke-free laws and smoking initiation disparities among young adults in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1111/add.15658
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fleischer NL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Titus AR;Xie Y;Thrasher JF;Levy DT;Elliott MR;Patrick ME;Fleischer NL
烟草控制政策可能会在不同的社会人口群体中对吸烟开始产生不同的影响。我们测量了12年级(18岁)无烟法与美国开始吸烟模式之间的纵向联系。前瞻性纵向分析。我们使用了从监测未来调查中抽取的18岁美国年轻人的数据。基准数据是在2000年至2017年期间收集的，最后一年的后续行动是在2018年。样本数量因结果和时间点而异，从7314到17702不等。工作场所和接待场所(餐馆/酒吧)的无烟法律覆盖率是以每种法律覆盖的县人口的百分比来衡量的。我们使用泊松回归和计算平均边际效应，检验了年龄分别为19/20、21/22和23/24的人群在过去30天开始吸烟和每天开始吸烟之间的关系。我们通过检验交互作用术语的重要性，探讨了性别、种族/民族和父母教育对影响的影响。18岁的工作场所法律覆盖率与21/22岁[−2.4个百分点(p.p)；95%可信区间(CI)=−3.9，-0.9]和23/24(−2.0p.p；95%CI=−3.9，-0.2)的每日开始吸烟概率较低相关。酒店法的覆盖范围与年龄在19/20(−1.6p.p；95%CI=−2.8p.-0.4)、21/22(−2.3p.p；95%CI=−3.7p，-0.9)和23/24(−1.8p.p；95%CI=−3.6p，-0.0)的模式开始吸烟的概率较低相关。在调整了多次测试后，关于与过去30天开始吸烟的任何一次的关联以及关于效果改变的研究结果都没有定论。在18岁时接触无烟法似乎与1-6年后每日开始吸烟的减少有关。
Tobacco control policies may differentially impact smoking initiation among socio-demographic groups. We measured longitudinal associations between exposure to smoke-free laws in grade 12 (modal age 18 years) and patterns of smoking initiation in the United States. Prospective longitudinal analysis. We used data on US young adults sampled at modal age 18 years from the Monitoring the Future Survey. Baseline data were collected between 2000 and 2017, with the last year of follow-up in 2018. The sample number varied by outcome and time-point, ranging from 7314 to 17 702. Smoke-free law coverage in work-places and hospitality venues (restaurants/bars) was measured as the percentage of the county population covered by each type of law. We examined associations with any past 30-day smoking initiation and daily smoking initiation at modal ages 19/20, 21/22 and 23/24, using Poisson regression and calculating average marginal effects. We explored effect modification by sex, race/ethnicity and parental education by testing the significance of interaction terms. Work-place law coverage at modal age 18 was associated with a lower probability of daily smoking initiation at modal ages 21/22 [−2.4 percentage points (p.p.); 95% confidence interval (CI) = −3.9, –0.9] and 23/24 (−2.0 p.p.; 95% CI = −3.9, –0.2). Hospitality law coverage was associated with a lower probability of daily smoking initiation at modal ages 19/20 (−1.6 p.p.; 95% CI = −2.8, –0.4), 21/22 (−2.3 p.p.; 95% CI = −3.7, –0.9) and 23/24 (−1.8 p.p.; 95% CI = −3.6, –0.0). Findings were inconclusive with regard to associations with any past 30-day smoking initiation and with regard to effect modification, after adjusting for multiple testing. Exposure to smoke-free laws at age 18 appears to be prospectively associated with reduced daily smoking initiation 1–6 years later.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Chaloupka, FJ;Pacula, RL
通讯作者：
Pacula, RL
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Farrelly, Matthew C.;Loomis, Brett R.;Caraballo, Ralph S.
通讯作者：
Caraballo, Ralph S.
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Farrelly, Matthew C.;Loomis, Brett R.;Couzens, G. Lance
通讯作者：
Couzens, G. Lance
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Siegel, M;Albers, AB;Rigotti, NA
通讯作者：
Rigotti, NA