Inter-site and interpersonal diversity of salivary and tongue microbiomes, and the effect of oral care tablets.
Inter-site and interpersonal diversity of salivary and tongue microbiomes, and the effect of oral care tablets.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.27502.2
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Okinaga T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maruyama H;Masago A;Nambu T;Mashimo C;Takahashi K;Okinaga T
背景：口腔微生物群与健康和疾病有关。具体来说，舌苔微生物群与吸入性肺炎和口臭有关。改变口腔微生物群的方法有可能改善口腔健康和预防疾病。 方法：在这里，我们设计了一项研究，允许在口腔微生物群干预期间同时监测唾液和舌头微生物群。我们应用此研究设计来评估单日使用口腔护理片剂对 10 名健康个体口腔微生物组的影响。对含有或不含猕猴桃素的片剂进行了测试，猕猴桃素是一种在体外减少生物膜形成的蛋白酶。 结果：使用观察到的扩增子序列变异数（唾液中 254 ± 53，舌头 175 ± 37；P = 8.9e-7，Kruskal-Wallis 检验）和香农指数（唾液中 6.0 ± 0.4，舌头 5.4 ± 0.3；P = 2.0e-7，舌头微生物组的 Alpha 多样性显着低于唾液微生物组。克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验）。牙周梭杆菌、糖杆菌属。 352、口腔链球菌亚种。 dentisani、Prevotella melaninogenica、Granulicatella adiacens、Campylobacter concisus 和 Haemophilus parainfluenzae 是两个站点共有的核心操作分类单位 (OTU)。一个人的唾液和舌头微生物群往往比其他人更相似。这些片剂不影响口腔微生物组的α或β多样性，也不影响特定细菌种类的丰度。 结论：虽然唾液和舌头微生物组在细菌组成方面存在显着差异，但它们表现出个体间而非个体内的多样性。一天使用口腔护理片剂不会改变健康成年人的唾液或舌头微生物组。健康人或舌苔积累较多的人长期使用口服片剂是否会改变他们的口腔微生物组，需要进行研究。
Background: Oral microbiota has been linked to both health and diseases. Specifically, tongue-coating microbiota has been implicated in aspiration pneumonia and halitosis. Approaches altering one's oral microbiota have the potential to improve oral health and prevent diseases. Methods: Here, we designed a study that allows simultaneous monitoring of the salivary and tongue microbiomes during an intervention on the oral microbiota. We applied this study design to evaluate the effect of single-day use of oral care tablets on the oral microbiome of 10 healthy individuals. Tablets with or without actinidin, a protease that reduces biofilm formation in vitro, were tested. Results: Alpha diversity of the tongue microbiome was significantly lower than that of the salivary microbiome, using both the number of observed amplicon sequence variants (254 ± 53 in saliva and 175 ± 37 in tongue; P = 8.9e-7, Kruskal–Wallis test) and Shannon index (6.0 ± 0.4 in saliva and 5.4 ± 0.3 in tongue; P = 2.0e-7, Kruskal–Wallis test). Fusobacterium periodonticum, Saccharibacteria sp. 352, Streptococcus oralis subsp . dentisani, Prevotella melaninogenica, Granulicatella adiacens, Campylobacter concisus, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were the core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) common to both sites. The salivary and tongue microbiomes of one individual tended to be more similar to one another than to those of other individuals. The tablets did not affect the alpha or beta diversity of the oral microbiome, nor the abundance of specific bacterial species. Conclusions: While the salivary and tongue microbiomes differed significantly in terms of bacterial composition, they showed inter- rather than intra-individual diversity. A one-day usage of oral care tablets did not alter the salivary or tongue microbiomes of healthy adults. Whether the use of oral tablets for a longer period on healthy people or people with greater tongue coating accumulation shifts their oral microbiome needs to be investigated.