Pointing out new news, old news, and absent referents at 12 months of age
Pointing out new news, old news, and absent referents at 12 months of age
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00552.x
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tomasello, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liszkowski, Ulf;Carpenter, Malinda;Tomasello, Michael
1岁儿童的社会认知理解和动机的性质目前存在争议。在这项研究中，我们调查了12个月大的婴儿是否理解他们的知识状态，并与他们分享经验的亲社会动机。陈述性指向是在两个因素交叉的四个条件下引发的：一个成年伴侣（1）已经注意到目标事件或没有，（2）情绪积极或中立。事件停止后，也对指向进行编码。研究结果表明，12个月大的孩子指向告知别人他们不知道的事件，他们指向分享一个共同参加的事件别人已经知道的态度，他们可以指向（已经prelinguistically）缺席的参考。这些发现为婴儿前语言交际的心理和亲社会解释提供了有力的支持。
There is currently controversy over the nature of 1-year-olds' social-cognitive understanding and motives. In this study we investigated whether 12-month-old infants point for others with an understanding of their knowledge states and with a prosocial motive for sharing experiences with them. Declarative pointing was elicited in four conditions created by crossing two factors: an adult partner (1) was already attending to the target event or not, and (2) emoted positively or neutrally. Pointing was also coded after the event had ceased. The findings suggest that 12-month-olds point to inform others of events they do not know about, that they point to share an attitude about mutually attended events others already know about, and that they can point (already prelinguistically) to absent referents. These findings provide strong support for a mentalistic and prosocial interpretation of infants' prelinguistic communication.