Twin‐analysis verification: A new verification approach to alleviate pitfalls of own‐analysis verification

Twin‐analysis verification: A new verification approach to alleviate pitfalls of own‐analysis verification
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双分析验证:一种新的验证方法,可以减轻自身分析验证的缺陷

DOI:
10.1002/qj.4441
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
8.9
通讯作者:
Ishibashi Toshiyuki
Ishibashi Toshiyuki
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hotta Daisuke;Kadowaki Takashi;Yonehara Hitoshi;Ishibashi Toshiyuki

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在业务数值天气预报(NWP)中,对来自同一实验的分析进行预报验证是标准评估实践的一部分。这种“自分析”验证有利于提供完整和统一的空间覆盖,但众所周知,由于预测和分析误差之间不可避免的正相关性,当应用于短期预报时,会出现高估的技能得分。为了缓解这个问题,提出了一种称为“孪生分析”验证的新方法。在这种方法中,预测是根据“孪生分析”进行验证的,孪生分析是通过运行一个独立的周期来产生的,使用与用于产生预测的系统相同的数值预报系统,但在一开始就使用独立的第一次猜测来初始化周期。这样,预测和分析之间的误差相关性即使没有完全消除,也会减少,同时保留了分析的统计特性,从而可以更清楚地解释核查。本说明报告了日本气象厅全球NWP系统的“双分析”和“自身分析”验证分数的比较结果。据报道,这两个分数不一致长达48小时,甚至更长时间,这取决于地区和元素,这突出了“自己分析”验证的可靠性限制。所提出的方法并没有完全消除误差相关性的问题,也需要很高的计算成本,所提出的方法在操作环境中的实际使用进行了讨论。
In operational numerical weather prediction (NWP), forecast verification against analysis from the same experiment is part of the standard evaluation practice. This “own‐analysis” verification is beneficial in providing complete and uniform spatial coverage but is known to suffer from overestimated skill scores when applied to short‐range forecasts due to the inevitable positive correlation between the forecast and analysis errors. To alleviate this problem, a new approach termed “twin‐analysis” verification is proposed. In this approach, the forecasts are verified against “twin analyses” that are produced by running an independent cycle using the same NWP system as the one used to produce the forecasts, but initializing the cycle using an independent first guess at the very beginning. In this way the error correlation between the forecasts and analyses is reduced, if not completely removed, while preserving the statistical properties of the analyses, allowing for a clearer interpretation of verification. This note reports the results of comparison between “twin‐analysis” and “own‐analysis” verification scores obtained for the Japan Meteorological Agency's global NWP system. It is reported that the two scores disagree up to 48 hr or even longer depending on the regions and elements, which highlights the reliability limit of “own‐analysis” verification. The proposed method does not completely remove the error correlation issue and also requires high computational costs; a practical use of the proposed approach in an operational environment is also discussed.
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