Africa's clientelist budget policies revisited: public expenditure and employment in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, 1960-2010
Africa's clientelist budget policies revisited: public expenditure and employment in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, 1960-2010
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重新审视非洲的庇护预算政策：肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚和乌干达的公共支出和就业，1960-2010 年
DOI：
10.1111/ehr.12820
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Simson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simson R
通过研究公共支出和就业的长期趋势，可以了解到非洲政策优先次序的哪些方面？许多人认为，非洲后殖民领导人奉行的预算政策在经济上没有生产力，优先考虑其赞助网络的增长，而不是社会有益的支出，导致了臃肿的工资单，持续的赤字和大量的寻租公共服务。本文使用肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚和乌干达1960-2010年年度公共支出和就业序列的专用数据集来检验这些假设，质疑东非独立后支出的增长或构成是否有任何例外。这三个国家的增长和收缩与世界其他地区大致相同，尽管它们在1980年后的收缩特别明显。工业政策和资本投资影响了独立初期的预算优先事项，而军事开支和偿债支出在1970年代后期上升。与此同时，政府工资支出占同期总支出的比例下降。为了在工资账单收缩的同时为就业增长提供资金，政府允许真实的工资在20世纪70年代至90年代大幅下降。鉴于这些外部限制和遗产，本文质疑不受赞助的预算是否会有很大的不同。
What can be learned about policy prioritization in Africa by examining long‐run trends in public expenditure and employment? Many have contended that Africa's post‐colonial leaders pursued economically unproductive budget policies that prioritized the growth of their patronage networks over socially beneficial spending, resulting in bloated payrolls, persistent deficits, and a large rent‐seeking public service. Using a purpose‐built dataset of annual public expenditure and employment series from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda for 1960–2010 against which to test these assumptions, this article questions whether there was anything exceptional about the growth or composition of East Africa's post‐independence expenditure. All three states grew and contracted in roughly the same periods as other regions of the world, although their contraction after 1980 was particularly marked. Industrial policy and capital investments influenced budget priorities in the early independence era, while military expenditure and debt service payments escalated in the late 1970s. The government wage bill, meanwhile, fell as a proportion of total spending over the same period. To finance employment growth while the wage bill contracted, governments allowed real wages to plummet in the 1970s–90s. In light of these external constraints and legacies, this article questions whether a budget unencumbered by patronage would have looked very different.