The substantial bias from ignoring general equilibrium effects in estimating excess burden, and a practical solution
The substantial bias from ignoring general equilibrium effects in estimating excess burden, and a practical solution
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DOI：
10.1086/375378
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Williams, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goulder, LH;Williams, RC
我们表明，在典型的条件下，简单的“超额负担三角形”公式大大低估了商品税的超额负担，在某些情况下，由10倍或更多。这一公式的表现很差，因为它忽略了一般均衡的相互作用--最重要的是，征税商品和劳动力市场之间的相互作用。许多先前的研究表明，一般均衡的相互作用影响超额负担，但没有认识到与忽略这些相互作用或这种偏见的定量重要性相关的偏见。我们推导出一个可实现的替代简单的公式。这个替代公式捕捉了简单公式忽略的相互作用;因此它是无偏的，通常更准确。
We show that under typical conditions the simple "excess-burden triangle" formula substantially underestimates the excess burden of commodity taxes, in some cases by a factor of 10 or more. This formula performs poorly because it ignores general equilibrium interactions - most important, interactions between the taxed commodity and the labor market. Many prior studies have shown that general equilibrium interactions affect excess burden but have not appreciated the bias associated with ignoring these interactions or the quantitative importance of this bias. We derive an implementable alternative to the simple formula. This alternative formula captures interactions that the simple formula omits; as a result it is both unbiased and usually more accurate.