Thermal performance of internally insulated historic brick building in cold climate: A long term case study
Thermal performance of internally insulated historic brick building in cold climate: A long term case study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.07.082
复制
发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
E. Biseniece;G. Žogla;A. Kamenders;Reinis Purviņš;Kristaps Kašs;Ruta Vanaga;A. Blumberga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Biseniece;G. Žogla;A. Kamenders;Reinis Purviņš;Kristaps Kašs;Ruta Vanaga;A. Blumberga
1945年以前建造的历史建筑是欧盟建筑存量的重要组成部分。由于能源消耗高，它们也会导致温室气体排放。然而，政策制定者和建筑业主正面临着“建筑节能-遗产价值”的困境，一方面，它是重要的，以保护建筑的遗产价值，另一方面，能源消耗应大大减少。内部绝缘是可以采用的能源效率措施之一。然而，这是最具挑战性和复杂的能源效率措施之一，因为边界条件和墙体的湿热行为发生了变化，特别是在寒冷的气候中。我们的目的是研究两种内保温材料应用于历史砌体建筑在寒冷气候下的热性能。我们在拉脱维亚里加历史街区的案例研究建筑中对气凝胶和真空隔热板（VIP）内部隔热的热通量和温度进行了长期现场测量。原来的墙是由51厘米厚的硅酸钙砖。在进行节能改造之前，这些房屋维护不善，并因潮湿而严重受损。翻新后，墙壁的外表面涂上了自清洁、防水的疏水外墙涂料。节能改造还包括地板和屋顶隔热、更换窗户、新通风和安装空气热泵。热行为的分析表明，在冬季，墙体的砖石部分在相当长的一段时间内都有结冰的危险。硅酸钙砖对冻融破坏非常敏感，因此我们进行了计算机模拟评估的湿热性能。结果表明，寒冷气候条件下，内保温墙体的硅酸钙砌块在含水率大于毛细饱和度时，易发生冻融破坏。该工艺在很大程度上取决于具有和不具有防水疏水性涂料的墙壁类型的不利室外条件。
Historic buildings built before 1945 make up a significant part of the building stock in the European Union. They also contribute to the greenhouse gas emissions due to high energy consumption. However, policy makers and building owners are facing “building energy efficiency-heritage value” dilemma when, on the one hand it is important to preserve a building’s heritage value and on the other hand, energy consumption should be reduced significantly. Internal insulation is one of the energy efficiency measures that can be applied. However, this is one of the most challenging and complex energy efficiency measures due to changes in boundary conditions and hygrothermal behaviour of the wall, especially in cold climate. We aimed to study the thermal behaviour of two internal insulation materials applied to historic masonry building in a cold climate. We carried out long term in-situ measurements of heat flux and temperature for internal insulation with aerogel and vacuum insulation panels (VIP) in the case study building in the historic quarter of Riga, Latvia. The original walls are made of 51 cm thick calcium silicate bricks. They were poorly maintained and heavily damaged by moisture before energy efficiency renovation. After renovation the external surface of walls was painted with self-cleaning, water repellent hydrophobic facade paint. The energy efficiency renovation also included insulation of floor and roof, change of windows, new ventilation and air heat pump installation. The analysis of the thermal behaviour show that the masonry part of the wall is exposed to freezing risk for a significant number of days during the winter. Calcium silicate bricks are very sensitive to freeze-thaw damage therefore we carried out computer simulation for the assessment of hygrothermal behaviour. Results show that the calcium silicate masonry part of the internally insulated wall in cold climate leads to exposure to freeze-thaw damage if the moisture content of the brick is higher than the capillary saturation. This process strongly depends on unfavourable outdoor conditions for wall types with and without water repellent hydrophobic paint.