Hormone replacement: effects on atherogenesis.
Hormone replacement: effects on atherogenesis.
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激素替代：对动脉粥样硬化的影响。
DOI：
10.1055/s-2007-1016310
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wild,RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wild,RA
从多项观察性研究中，人们最近认识到雌激素具有心脏保护作用，而不是像以前认为的那样有害。长期以来的错误观念，雌激素引起高血压，高凝状态，动脉粥样硬化形成受到挑战。遗传学和流行病学对激素的特异质反应并不普遍适用于一般人群的认识的提高，为研究激素在致动脉粥样硬化过程中的每一步究竟如何起作用提供了新的途径。我们开始利用遗传学，流行病学，生理学，动物科学，以及人类临床研究来了解雌激素、孕激素和雄激素（广泛用作激素替代疗法形式的药剂）影响对工业社会中的男性和女性的大多数发病率和死亡率负责的过程。已知的心血管疾病发病的性别差异是了解激素如何影响性别差异的焦点。编织激素作用的线索充其量是困难的，因为动脉粥样硬化是多因素的。然而，正是这一事实使挑战如此令人兴奋。了解每一个步骤都为预防提供了新的工具。
There has been a relatively recent realization evolving from multiple observational investigations that estrogen is cardioprotective, and not deleterious as was once thought. Long-held misconceptions that estrogen caused hypertension, hypercoagulation, and atherogenesis became challenged. Improved genetic and epidemiological understanding that idiosyncratic reactions to hormones are not generalizable to the population at large has freed up new lines of investigation into exactly how hormones act at each step in the atherogenic process. We are beginning to utilize the tools of genetics, epidemiology, physiology, animal science, and human clinical research to understand how not only estrogens but also progestins and androgens (agents widely used as forms of hormone replacement therapy) affect the process that is responsible for the majority of the morbidity and mortality for both men and women in industrial societies.It is my belief that the well-known gender difference in the onset of cardiovascular disease is a focal point for understanding how hormones affect gender differences. Weaving the thread of hormonal effects is, at best, difficult because atherogenesis is multifactorial. Yet this very fact makes the challenge so exciting. Understanding each step provides new tools for prevention.