Planning to save a species: the jaguar as a model
Planning to save a species: the jaguar as a model
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00352.x
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Taber, AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanderson, EW;Redford, KH;Taber, AB
20世纪末的国际保护规划以粗过滤、超生物的保护方法为主，可能不足以保护某些物种，如美洲虎(Panthera Onca)。如果我们要将广泛分布的物种保留到下个世纪，我们需要明确地规划它们在整个地理范围内和通过政治边界的生存，同时认识到这些物种在不同的生境中扮演着不同的生态角色。1999年3月，野生动物保护协会赞助了一次美洲虎的优先事项确定和规划练习，范围从墨西哥北部到阿根廷北部。来自18个国家的实地科学家就四种类型的信息达成了共识：(1)美洲虎知识的空间分布；(2)已知的、目前被占领的美洲虎活动范围；(3)美洲虎种群众多、栖息地充足、猎物基地稳定多样的地区；以及(4)在过去10年中观察到美洲虎的地点。在这次演习中，这些专家还对美洲虎的长期生存前景进行了广泛的评估，并开发了All算法，以确定主要栖息地类型中的美洲虎保护单位的优先顺序。从这项工作中，我们了解到美洲豹的已知占用范围已缩小到1900年估计范围的46%左右。美洲豹的状况和分布在另外12%的美洲豹以前的范围内是未知的，包括在哥伦比亚的马克西姆和巴西的大片地区。但超过70%的被认为仍有美洲豹出没的地区被评为有很高的可能性支持它们的长期生存。代表30个不同地理区域的51个美洲豹保护单位被列为全面美洲豹保护计划的优先事项。
International conservation planning at the end of the twentieth century is dominated by coarse-filter, supra-organismal approaches to conservation that may be insufficient to conserve certain species such as the jaguar (Panthera onca). If we are to retain broadly distributed species into the next century, we need to plan explicitly for their survival across their entire geographic range and through political boundaries while recognizing the variety of ecological roles the species plays in different habitats. In March 1999 the Wildlife Conservation Society sponsored a priority-setting and planning excercise for the jaguar across its range from northern Mexico to northern Argentina. Field scientists from 18 countries reached consensus on four types of information: (1) the spatial Went of their jaguar knowledge, (2) the known, currently occupied range of jaguars, (3) areas with substantial jaguar populations, adequate habitat, and a stable and diverse prey base, and (4) point localities where jaguars have been observed during the last 10 years. airing the exercise, these experts also conducted a range-wide assessment of the long-term survival prospects of the jaguar and developed all algorithm for prioritizing jaguar conservation units occurring in major habitat types. From this work, we learned that the known, occupied range of the jaguar has contracted to approximately 46% of estimates of its 1900 range. Jaguar status and distribution is unknown in another 12% of the jaguar's former ranged including large areas in Maxim Colombia, and Brazil. But over 70% of the area where jaguars are thought to still occur was rated as having a high probability of supporting their long-term survival. Fifty-one jaguar conservation units representing 30 different jaguar geographic regions were prioritized as the basis for a comprehensive jaguar conservation program.