VARIATION AMONG WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE RESPONSE OF LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE TO LIGHT
VARIATION AMONG WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE RESPONSE OF LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE TO LIGHT
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859600075717
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发表时间：
1990-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
BLUM, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLUM, A
进行这项研究的目的是探索春小麦（Triticum aestivum）叶片碳交换率（CER）响应可变光合有效辐射（PAR）的遗传变异，并在这方面比较以色列新旧品种。 当 PAR 从 c 降低到 25 摄氏度时，在开放系统中测量了 17 个品种的分离膨胀叶片的叶片气体交换。每秒 1200 至 200 mu-mol/m2。 对每片叶子拟合 CER、气孔导度、蒸腾作用和叶片内部 CO2 浓度 (Ci) 对 log PAR 的线性回归（回归 r2 绝不会 < 0.79），并通过方差分析对品种之间的回归进行比较。CER 对 log PAR 回归的斜率 (b) 基因型差异显着，但截距 (a) 差异不显着，表明 CER 的基因型差异随着 PAR 的增加而增加。 仅在高 PAR 条件下，不同品种之间的光合能力（以 CER/Ci 比率表示）存在显着差异。 气孔导度和蒸腾量随 log PAR 以线性或非线性方式增加，并且在中低 PAR 时，两者品种间的差异最大。 光合水分利用效率（WUE）及其品种间的变异在 PAR 最高时最大。 高 PAR 条件下 CER 的基因型变异通过两次独立实验中 11 个品种的重复结果得到证实。最近开发的高产品种 V652 与老品种和低产品种相比，在高 PAR 条件下具有更高的最大 CER、更高的光合能力和更大的 WUE。 结果表明，当在以色列的高辐照条件下进行产量选择时，光合能力和高 PAR 下的 CER 发生向上的遗传转变。
This research was done in order to explore genetic variation in carbon exchange rate (CER) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves in response to variable photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and to compare old and new Israeli cultivars in this respect. Leaf gas exchange was measured in detached turgid leaves of 17 cultivars in an open system at 25-degrees-C when PAR was reduced from c. 1200 to 200 mu-mol/m2 per s. Linear regressions of CER, stomatal conductance, transpiration and leaf internal CO2 concentration (Ci) on log PAR were fitted for each leaf (regression r2 was never < 0.79) and the regressions were compared among cultivars by analysis of variance.Genotypes differed significantly for the slope (b) but not the intercept (a) of the regression of CER on log PAR, indicating that genotypic differences for CER increased with increasing PAR. Photosynthetic capacity, as expressed by the ratio of CER/Ci, differed significantly among cultivars only at high PAR. Stomatal conductance and transpiration increased in a linear or a nonlinear fashion with log PAR and differences among cultivars for both were greatest at medium to low PAR. Photosynthetic water-use efficiency (WUE) and its variation among cultivars were greatest at the highest PAR. Genotypic variation in CER at high PAR was confirmed by repeated results for 11 cultivars in two independent experiments.The recently developed high-yielding cultivar V652 had a higher maximum CER, higher photosynthetic capacity and greater WUE at high PAR than older and lower-yielding cultivars. The results suggest an upward genetic shift in photosynthetic capacity and in CER at high PAR when selection for yield was performed under the high-irradiation conditions of Israel.