Regional frontal injuries cause distinct impairments in cognitive control
Regional frontal injuries cause distinct impairments in cognitive control
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DOI：
10.1212/01.wnl.0000261482.99569.fb
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Gillingham, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander, M. P.;Stuss, D. T.;Gillingham, S.
背景资料：额叶损伤可能会损害患者在面对模糊的感觉输入或相互冲突的可能反应时控制其他完整认知操作的能力。目的：探讨额叶不同区域的局灶性病变是否会对认知控制产生特定损害。研究方法：我们评估了42例慢性额叶病变患者和38名对照组的修改Stroop测试，允许测量反应时间和错误。计划，分层分析允许识别离散额叶病变，是受损的性能至关重要。结果：左腹外侧区的病变产生了更多的不正确的反应，以分心。右侧上级内侧区域的大部分病变，包括前扣带回、辅助运动区（SMA）、SMA前区和背外侧区，导致反应时间变慢，对目标的正确反应次数减少。结论：在两个不同的额叶区域的病变损害认知控制的Stroop任务，损伤的机制是特定的损伤区域。这是对一般建议的支持，即监督系统是由不同的子系统构成的。
Background: Lesions of the frontal lobes may impair the capacity of patients to control otherwise intact cognitive operations in the face of ambiguous sensory input or conflicting possible responses. Objective: To address the question of whether focal lesions in different regions of the frontal lobes produced specific impairments in cognitive control. Methods: We evaluated 42 patients with chronic frontal lesions and 38 control subjects on a modified Stroop test that allowed measurement of reaction times and errors. Planned, stratified analyses permitted identification of discrete frontal lesions that are critical for impaired performance. Results: Lesions of the left ventrolateral region produced an increased number of incorrect responses to distractors. Lesions of a large portion of the right superior medial region, including anterior cingulate, supplementary motor area ( SMA), pre- SMA, and dorsolateral areas, caused a slow reaction time and a decreased number of correct responses to targets. Conclusion: Lesions in two distinct frontal regions impair cognitive control for a Stroop task, and the mechanisms of impairment are specific to the region of injury. This is support for a general proposal that the supervisory system is constructed of distinct subsystems.