Rectification in Nonequilibrium Parity Violating Metamaterials
Rectification in Nonequilibrium Parity Violating Metamaterials
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违反非平衡宇称超材料的纠正
DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.10.021036
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liao, Zhenghan;Irvine, William T.;Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
对随机涨落的修正机制的理解一直是非平衡统计力学中的一个长期问题。在这里，我们探讨了一个机会，提供了非平衡宇称违反超材料，以发现新的机制，整流的能量和运动。使用宇称违反陀螺超材料，允许互动与一浴的活性粒子作为模型系统，我们开发了一个分析图解理论，companimously阐明如何整流结果之间的相互作用陀螺力，非平衡活动，和网络结构。我们的有源超材料模型可以在没有任何温度梯度的情况下产生穿过物体的能量流。负责产生能量流的非互易微观波动可以进一步用于在粘性流体中为运动提供动力或在粘性流体上施加力。两者合计，我们的分析和数值结果阐明了宇称违反材料的几何形状和粒子间相互作用如何与活性浴的非平衡波动耦合，并使能量和运动的整流。
Understanding mechanisms for rectifying stochastic fluctuations has been a long-standing problem in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. Here, we explore an opportunity provided by nonequilibrium parity-violating metamaterials to uncover new mechanisms for rectification of energy and motion. Using a parity-violating gyroscopic metamaterial that is allowed to interact with a bath of active particles as a model system, we develop an analytic diagrammatic theory that compactly elucidates how the rectification results from an interplay between gyroscopic forces, nonequilibrium activity, and network structure. Our active metamaterial model can generate energy flows through an object in the absence of any temperature gradient. The nonreciprocal microscopic fluctuations responsible for generating the energy flows can further be used to power locomotion in, or exert forces on, a viscous fluid. Taken together, our analytical and numerical results elucidate how the geometry and interparticle interactions of the parity-violating material can couple with the nonequilibrium fluctuations of an active bath and enable rectification of energy and motion.