Trace multi-class organic explosives analysis in complex matrices enabled using LEGO®-inspired clickable 3D-printed solid phase extraction block arrays
Trace multi-class organic explosives analysis in complex matrices enabled using LEGO®-inspired clickable 3D-printed solid phase extraction block arrays
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461506
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发表时间：
2020-10-11
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Barron, Leon P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Irlam, Rachel C.;Hughes, Cian;Barron, Leon P.
开发了一种新的，低成本的方法，用于从复杂样品中回收痕量爆炸物，使用小型化，点击在一起和无泄漏的3d打印固相萃取（SPE）块。首次对10种商用3D打印材料进行了全面评估，包括立体光刻（SLA）、PolyJet和熔融沉积建模（FDM）技术，以评估其实用性、灵活性和多路SPE。受乐高启发的小型化单件、可连接且无泄漏的块壳采用甲基丙烯酸酯基树脂进行3d打印，该树脂在不同的水性/有机溶剂和pH条件下最稳定，使用具有成本效益的台式SLA打印机。使用锥形固相萃取床格式，也可以对多种不同的市售吸附剂颗粒进行无结块填料。耦合SPE块被证明可以提供有效的分析物富集，并且是一种潜在的新方法，可以提高回收分析物在现场储存在吸附剂上而不是湿拭子上的稳定性。采用液相色谱-高分辨率质谱法测定了13种过氧化物、硝胺、硝酸酯和硝基芳烃的回收率、精密度、基质效应、线性度和范围，与市售的耦合SPE色谱盒相比，性能更好或相似。干血、油渣和土壤基质的平均回收率分别为79 +/- 24%、71 +/- 16%和76 +/- 24%。在所有基质中，3,5-二硝基苯胺的检出限在60 fg至154 pg之间。据我们所知，这代表了3D打印在复杂样品中如此多有机化合物的SPE中的首次应用。它的引入为这种法医方法提供了一种低成本的、“按需”的解决方案，可以选择性地提取爆炸物，增强了多路复用/设计更改的灵活性，并有可能在现场应用。(c) 2020作者。Elsevier B.V.出版
The development of a new, lower cost method for trace explosives recovery from complex samples is presented using miniaturised, click-together and leak-free 3D-printed solid phase extraction (SPE) blocks. For the first time, a large selection of ten commercially available 3D printing materials were comprehensively evaluated for practical, flexible and multiplexed SPE using stereolithography (SLA), PolyJet and fused deposition modelling (FDM) technologies. Miniaturised single-piece, connectable and leak-free block housings inspired by Lego (R) were 3D-printed in a methacrylate-based resin, which was found to be most stable under different aqueous/organic solvent and pH conditions, using a cost-effective bench-top SLA printer. Using a tapered SPE bed format, frit-free packing of multiple different commercially available sorbent particles was also possible. Coupled SPE blocks were then shown to offer efficient analyte enrichment and a potentially new approach to improve the stability of recovered analytes in the field when stored on the sorbent, rather than in wet swabs. Performance was measured using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and was better, or similar, to commercially available coupled SPE cartridges, with respect to recovery, precision, matrix effects, linearity and range, for a selection of 13 peroxides, nitramines, nitrate esters and nitroaromatics. Mean % recoveries from dried blood, oil residue and soil matrices were 79 +/- 24%, 71 +/- 16% and 76 +/- 24%, respectively. Excellent detection limits between 60 fg for 3,5-dinitroaniline to 154 pg for nitroglycerin were also achieved across all matrices. To our knowledge, this represents the first application of 3D printing to SPE of so many organic compounds in complex samples. Its introduction into this forensic method offered a low-cost, 'on-demand' solution for selective extraction of explosives, enhanced flexibility for multiplexing/design alteration and potential application at-scene. (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.