Age- and season-specific variation in local and long-distance movement behavior of golden eagles
Age- and season-specific variation in local and long-distance movement behavior of golden eagles
复制标题
金雕本地和长距离运动行为的年龄和季节变化
DOI：
10.1007/s10344-016-1010-4
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
T. Katzner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharon A. Poessel;P. Bloom;Melissa A. Braham;T. Katzner
动物运动可以决定野生动物的种群动态。我们利用遥测数据来深入了解依赖保护的金雕 (Aquila chrysaetos) 在加利福尼亚州特哈查皮附近的山麓和山脉中的多个年龄段的本地和长途迁徙的原因和后果。我们估计了 2.5 年来在当地迁徙的 25 只鸟类的 324 个每月 95% 的活动范围和 317 个每月 50% 的核心区域的大小和与栖息地相关的相关性。我们还计算了这五只进行长途运动的鸟类每天、每小时和总的飞行距离。平均 (±SD) 每月活动范围大小为 253.6±429.4 平方公里，核心区域大小为 26.4±49.7 平方公里。与预期一致，成年前儿童使用的空间随着年龄的增长而增加，并且与季节有关，但出乎意料的是，与性别无关。对于所有年龄和性别，栖息地和核心区域以森林和林地以及灌木丛和草原栖息地类型为主。当长距离移动时，老鹰在一个季节内以高度可变的速度（63.7±69.0 公里/天和 5.2±10.4 公里/小时）移动长达 1588.4 公里（单程），具体速度取决于一天中的时间。老鹰的长距离运动模式是由年龄决定的，但这些运动具有不止一种先前描述的运动类别的特征（迁徙、分散等）。我们的研究结果为区分迁徙行为类型及其对种群造成的影响提供了背景，因此对金雕种群的管理和保护具有重要意义。
Animal movements can determine the population dynamics of wildlife. We used telemetry data to provide insight into the causes and consequences of local and long-distance movements of multiple age classes of conservation-reliant golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in the foothills and mountains near Tehachapi, California. We estimated size and habitat-related correlates of 324 monthly 95 % home ranges and 317 monthly 50 % core areas for 25 birds moving locally over 2.5 years. We also calculated daily, hourly, and total distances traveled for the five of these birds that engaged in long-distance movements. Mean (±SD) monthly home-range size was 253.6 ± 429.4 km2 and core-area size was 26.4 ± 49.7 km2. Consistent with expectations, space used by pre-adults increased with age and was season-dependent but, unexpectedly, was not sex-dependent. For all ages and sexes, home ranges and core areas were dominated by both forest & woodland and shrubland & grassland habitat types. When moving long distances, eagles traveled up to 1588.4 km (1-way) in a season at highly variable speeds (63.7 ± 69.0 km/day and 5.2 ± 10.4 km/h) that were dependent on time of day. Patterns of long-distance movements by eagles were determined by age, yet these movements had characteristics of more than one previously described movement category (migration, dispersal, etc.). Our results provide a context for differentiating among types of movement behaviors and their population-level consequences and, thus, have implications for management and conservation of golden eagle populations.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker