Dai People's Botanical Knowledge:Nomenclature-Meaning and Classification
Dai People's Botanical Knowledge:Nomenclature-Meaning and Classification
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Xu Zai-f
中科院分区：
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作者：
Xu Zai-f
通过分析、统计、归纳，共获得植物1175种（变种）、1370个傣名和1691个傣义，以阐明傣族对植物的认识和定义。他们用“红鹅滨”来定义这种植物，意思是“有生命的东西从地下出来”。这类似于现代科学将植物定义为“从地面生长的任何东西”。这是一个高度综合的科学术语，在世界上其他许多民族中是很少见的。在植物命名方法上，他们以植物的生活型和经济型为属名，以植物的形态发生和性状、经济用途、生态分布、传说故事等意义为种名。在1691个义项中，它们分别占60%、30%、8%和2%。这反映了戴氏对植物的命名方法“看其相似就命名”与林奈的现代植物分类学双命名法有相似之处。同时，还建立了以傣名结构为基础的民间植物分类系统，包括植物界5大类、野生和栽培植物2科、生活型和经济型约20属、3000余种和1000余变种。
After analysis,statistics and conclude 1 175 species( variety) of plants,1 370 Dai names and 1 691 meanings were obtained to elucidate how the Dai people recognize and define the plant. They used ‘hong-e-bin',which means ‘the things with life come out from the ground'to define the plant. This is similar to the modern science which defined the plant as ‘anything that grows from the ground'. This is a highly synthesized scientific term that seldom seen in many other ethnics in the world. In their method of naming plants,they used the types of plant life-form and economic type for ‘generic'names,and used the meanings of plant morphogenesis and characters,economic uses,ecological distribution,and stories and legends etc. for ‘specific'names. Among the 1 691 meanings,they are occupied 60%,30%,8% and 2% respectively. This reflected that the naming method of Dai for plant‘Just see what's looking alike on naming them'is similar to Linnaeus' bi-nomenclature of the modern botanical taxonomy. Moreover,the folk plant classification system based on the structure of Dai names is then established,including 5 categories as plant kingdom,tow‘families' of wild or cultivated plant,about 20‘genera'of life-forms and economic types,and more than 3 000 species and over 1 000 varieties,by the ‘two names' in the paper as well.