RNA-binding proteins in mouse male germline stem cells: a mammalian perspective.
RNA-binding proteins in mouse male germline stem cells: a mammalian perspective.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13619-015-0022-y
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Qi H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qi H
存在于特定类型组织中的成体干细胞负责组织稳态和再生。成体干细胞的细胞功能与这些细胞中的基因表达程序密切相关。过去的研究表明，在转录水平上调控基因表达可以决定性地改变干细胞的细胞命运。然而，mRNA的细胞内容物有时并不等同于蛋白质，蛋白质是细胞的功能单位。人们越来越认识到，基因表达的转录后和翻译调控也是干细胞功能的基础。与分化的体细胞相比，通过RNA结合蛋白的不同表达和整体蛋白质合成表现出的对细胞状态的影响已在几种干细胞系统中得到证实。通过mRNA的顺式元件和与其密切相关的反式作用RNA结合蛋白的合作，mRNA的定位、稳定性和翻译状态的调节直接影响干细胞的自我更新和分化。先前的研究已经揭示了无脊椎动物干细胞中RNA结合蛋白功能的一些分子机制。然而，它们在哺乳动物成体干细胞中的作用才刚刚开始被揭示。本文综述了在小鼠雄性生殖器官中的成体干细胞--雄性生殖系干细胞的维持和分化过程中发挥重要作用的一些RNA结合蛋白。
Adult stem cells that reside in particular types of tissues are responsible for tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Cellular functions of adult stem cells are intricately related to the gene expression programs in those cells. Past research has demonstrated that regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional level can decisively alter cell fate of stem cells. However, cellular contents of mRNAs are sometimes not equivalent to proteins, the functional units of cells. It is increasingly realized that post-transcriptional and translational regulation of gene expression are also fundamental for stem cell functions. Compared to differentiated somatic cells, effects on cellular status manifested by varied expression of RNA-binding proteins and global protein synthesis have been demonstrated in several stem cell systems. Through the cooperation of both cis-elements of mRNAs and trans-acting RNA-binding proteins that are intimately associated with them, regulation of localization, stability, and translational status of mRNAs directly influences the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. Previous studies have uncovered some of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the functions of RNA-binding proteins in stem cells in invertebrate species. However, their roles in adult stem cells in mammals are just beginning to be unveiled. This review highlights some of the RNA-binding proteins that play important functions during the maintenance and differentiation of mouse male germline stem cells, the adult stem cells in the male reproductive organ.