Conservation biological control using Australian native plants in a brassica crop system: seeking complementary ecosystem services
Conservation biological control using Australian native plants in a brassica crop system: seeking complementary ecosystem services
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2019.04.018
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Gurr, Geoff M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pandey, Sunita;Gurr, Geoff M.
生境管理可以增强生态系统服务的强度，但也有可能导致生态系统损害，除非对营养联系和生态系统功能有很好的了解。在这项研究中，间作与澳大利亚本土开花植物相比，使用外来植物，荞麦（荞麦）和自然发生的杂草草植被提供多种生态系统服务的卷心菜农业生态系统。在所研究的本地植物中，薄荷对害虫管理的积极影响最全面。与对照组相比，M.碘脲氰菊酯对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella（L.）（鳞翅目：菜蛾科）幼虫的幼虫和降低害虫甘蓝短角蚜密度，并与F.蔬菜M的花朵satureiodides似乎有吸引力的成年粉蝶和邻近的卷心菜叶持有高密度的这种害虫的卵，但反映了高密度的寄生蜂和捕食者（特别是蜘蛛），幼虫密度没有升高相比，其他治疗。百脉根还增强了天敌，特别是瓢虫和蜘蛛，但这并没有转化为抑制害虫的生态系统服务。苦马豆Galegifolia窝藏的蜘蛛数量增加，但相邻的作物没有受益于增强的敌人密度或抑制害虫。对于互补的生态系统服务，传粉者丰富的外来植物F。esculentum和两个natives（L. australis和M. satureioides）。意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）对F.而本地蜜蜂则被本地植物所吸引。监测本地蝴蝶作为一个代理的好处，本地无脊椎动物的生物多样性和两个本地植物（L。australis和M. satureioides）被发现是有吸引力的。土壤生物活性是土壤相关生态系统服务功能的一个替代指标。与所有其他治疗相比，Esculentum治疗。这些结果表明，农民可以通过将本地开花植物纳入农业系统来利用特定的，可能是多种生态系统服务，但强调了植物选择的重要性和服务之间权衡的风险。
Habitat management can enhance the strength of ecosystem services but carries also the risk of leading to ecosystem disservices unless trophic links and ecosystem functions are well understood. In this study, inter cropping with Australian native flowering plants was compared with the use of an exotic plant, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and naturally occurring weedy grass vegetation for the provision of multiple ecosystem services in a cabbage agroecosystem. Among the native plants studied, Mentha satureioides had the most comprehensive positive effects on pest management. Compared with the grassy control, M. satureiodides significantly enhanced parasitism of the pest, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) larvae and reduced pest Brevicoryne brassicae densities and was comparable to F. esculentum. Flowers of M. satureiodides appeared attractive to adult Pieris rapae and the adjacent cabbage foliage held high densities of this pest's eggs but, reflecting high densities of parasitoids and predators (especially spiders), larval densities were not elevated compared to other treatments. Lotus australis also enhanced natural enemies, especially coccinellids and spiders, but this did not translate into the ecosystem service of pest suppression. Swainsona galegifolia harboured elevated numbers of spiders but the adjacent crop did not benefit from enhanced enemy densities or suppressed pests. For complementary ecosystem services, pollinator abundance was enhanced by the exotic plant F. esculentum and two natives (L. australis and M. satureioides). Honey bees (Apis mellifera) were highly attracted to F. esculentum, while native bees were attracted to the native plants. Native butterflies were monitored as a proxy for benefit to native invertebrate biodiversity and two native plants (L. australis and M. satureioides) were found to be attractive. Soil biological activity, a proxy for soil-associated ecosystem services, was lower in the F. esculentum treatment compared to all other treatments. These results show scope for farmers to take advantage of particular, and potentially multiple, ecosystem services by incorporating native flowering plants into farming systems but highlights the importance of plant selection and the risk of trade-offs among services.