MORPHOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS IN THE PISCIVORE-PLANKTIVORE INTERACTION - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TROPHIC CASCADE HYPOTHESIS
MORPHOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS IN THE PISCIVORE-PLANKTIVORE INTERACTION - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TROPHIC CASCADE HYPOTHESIS
复制标题
DOI：
10.4319/lo.1994.39.4.0897
复制
发表时间：
1994-06-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
HAMBRIGHT, KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAMBRIGHT, KD
结果是从3年，复制池塘研究差异食鱼脆弱性如何影响食鱼反应，最终浮游生物通过级联效应的反应。没有食鱼动物，从多物种的食鱼组合（黑头呆鱼promelas和南瓜子太阳鱼Lepomis gibbosa）的食鱼性产生了有据可查的浮游生物的反应。Chaoborus密度，浮游动物生物量，枝水蚤和桡足类的平均身体大小减少，叶绿素浓度和总初级生产力提高。与piscivores，由于消除了高度脆弱的小鱼和转移的大小结构相对不那么脆弱的太阳鱼向更大的，底栖动物的大小，反食水平被压低。因此，浮游动物的生物量和枝水蚤和桡足类的平均身体大小增加，叶绿素浓度和总初级生产力减少。然而，少年翻车鱼仍然丰富的池塘含有食鱼动物，所以Chaoborus密度仍然很低，小枝角类（Bosmina和Ceriodaphnia）丰富。此外，水蚤生物量，平均身体大小，并在这些池塘的最后一年中存在的天数与小翻车鱼生物量呈负相关，表明食鱼并没有简单地抵消食鱼的影响。
Results are presented from a 3-yr, replicated pond study examining how differential planktivore vulnerability can influence planktivore responses to piscivory and ultimately plankton responses via cascading effects. Without piscivores, planktivory from a multispecies planktivore assemblage (fathead minnow Pimephales promelas and pumpkinseed sunfish Lepomis gibbosa) produced the well-documented plankton responses. Chaoborus densities, zooplankton biomass, and cladoceran and copepod mean body sizes were reduced, and chlorophyll concentrations and gross primary production were enhanced. With piscivores, levels of planktivory were depressed due to elimination of the highly vulnerable minnow and a shift in the size structure of the relatively less vulnerable sunfish toward larger, benthivorous sizes. Hence, zooplankton biomass and cladoceran and copepod mean body sizes were increased, and chlorophyll concentrations and gross primary production were reduced. However, juvenile sunfish remained abundant in ponds containing piscivores, so Chaoborus densities remained low and small cladocerans (Bosmina and Ceriodaphnia) were abundant. Moreover, Daphnia biomass, mean body size, and number of days present during the final year in these ponds were negatively correlated with small sunfish biomass, indicating that piscivory did not simply cancel out the effects of planktivory.