Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment
Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01951.x
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Baird, Gillian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loucas, Tom;Charman, Tony;Baird, Gillian
背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和特异性语言障碍（SLI）是常见的发育障碍，其特征是语言和沟通缺陷。它们之间关系的性质仍然是一个有争议的问题。本研究探讨ASD和语言障碍的共同发生是否与自闭症症状或语言特征的严重程度或模式差异有关。方法：参与者（N = 97）从56,946个人口队列中抽取，作为研究的一部分，以确定9至14岁的ASD患病率。所有儿童均接受ICD-10临床诊断为ASD或非ASD。将非语言智商为80的儿童分为语言障碍儿童（语言得分为77分或以下）和无语言障碍儿童，分为有ASD和语言障碍儿童（ALI, N = 41）、有ASD但无语言障碍儿童（ANL, N = 31）和有语言障碍但无ASD儿童（SLI, N = 25）三组。结果：ALI患儿并不比ANL患儿表现出更多的当前自闭症症状。患有特殊语言障碍的儿童远低于ASD的阈值。他们的社会适应高于ASD组，但仍比平均水平低近2个标准差。在ALI中，ASD和语言障碍的合并与较弱的功能性沟通和更严重的接受性语言障碍相关。接受性语言和表达性语言在ALI中同样受损，而在特殊语言障碍中，接受性语言比表达性语言更强。结论：ASD和语言障碍的共同发生与当前自闭症症状的增加无关，但似乎与接受性语言和功能性交流的更大障碍有关。
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are common developmental disorders characterised by deficits in language and communication. The nature of the relationship between them continues to be a matter of debate. This study investigates whether the co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is associated with differences in severity or pattern of autistic symptomatology or language profile. Methods: Participants (N = 97) were drawn from a total population cohort of 56,946 screened as part of study to ascertain the prevalence of ASD, aged 9 to 14 years. All children received an ICD-10 clinical diagnosis of ASD or No ASD. Children with nonverbal IQ 80 were divided into those with a language impairment (language score of 77 or less) and those without, creating three groups: children with ASD and a language impairment (ALI; N = 41), those with ASD and but no language impairment (ANL; N = 31) and those with language impairment but no ASD (SLI; N = 25). Results: Children with ALI did not show more current autistic symptoms than those with ANL. Children with SLI were well below the threshold for ASD. Their social adaptation was higher than the ASD groups, but still nearly 2 SD below average. In ALI the combination of ASD and language impairment was associated with weaker functional communication and more severe receptive language difficulties than those found in SLI. Receptive and expressive language were equally impaired in ALI, whereas in SLI receptive language was stronger than expressive. Conclusions: Co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is not associated with increased current autistic symptomatology but appears to be associated with greater impairment in receptive language and functional communication.