Chloroplast Stromules Function during Innate Immunity.
Chloroplast Stromules Function during Innate Immunity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.devcel.2015.05.011
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发表时间：
2015-07-06
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Dinesh-Kumar SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caplan JL;Kumar AS;Park E;Padmanabhan MS;Hoban K;Modla S;Czymmek K;Dinesh-Kumar SP
细胞器间通讯是成功的先天免疫反应，赋予防御病原体至关重要。然而，作为促防御分子的主要生产基地，叶绿体在防御过程中是如何与其他细胞器进行沟通和协调的，我们所知甚少。本研究表明，在先天免疫或外源防御信号过氧化氢（H2O2）和水杨酸（SA）的作用下，叶绿体会发出动态的管状延伸，称为基质。有趣的是，在防御反应中，细胞核周围有许多间质，这些连接与叶绿体定位的NRIP1防御蛋白和细胞核中H2O2的积累有关。此外，在没有病原体感染的情况下，叶绿体异常定位1 （CHUP1）编码叶绿体外包膜蛋白的沉默和敲除可组成性地诱导基质，并增强程序性细胞死亡（PCD）。这些结果支持了一个模型，即基质在免疫过程中帮助扩增和/或运输促防御信号到细胞核和其他亚细胞区室。
Inter-organellar communication is vital for successful innate immune responses that confer defense against pathogens. However, little is known about how chloroplasts, which are a major production site of pro-defense molecules, communicate and coordinate with other organelles during defense. Here we show that chloroplasts send out dynamic tubular extensions called stromules during innate immunity or exogenous application of the pro-defense signals, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and salicylic acid (SA). Interestingly, numerous stromules surround nuclei during defense response and these connections correlate with an accumulation of chloroplast-localized NRIP1 defense protein and H2O2 in the nucleus. Furthermore, silencing and knockout of CHloroplast Unusual Positioning 1 (CHUP1) that encodes a chloroplast outer envelope protein constitutively induces stromules in the absence of pathogen infection and enhances programmed cell death (PCD). These results support a model in which stromules aid in the amplification and/or transport of pro-defense signals into the nucleus and other subcellular compartments during immunity.